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Quantum estimation theory provides optimal observations for various estimation problems for unknown parameters in the state of the system under investigation. However, the theory has been developed under the assumption that every observable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Hotta , M. Ozawa

The challenge of understanding quantum measurement persists as a fundamental issue in modern physics. Particularly, the abrupt and energy-non-conserving collapse of the wave function appears to contradict classical thermodynamic laws. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Sophie Engineer , Tom Rivlin , Sabine Wollmann , Mehul Malik , Maximilian P. E. Lock

The question whether quantum measurements reflect some underlying objective reality has no generally accepted answer. We show that description of such reality is possible under natural conditions such as linearity and causality, although in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Adam Bednorz

We compare different approaches to quantum ontology. In particular, we discuss an interpretation of quantum mechanics that we call objective quantum field theory (OQFT), which involves retrocausal fields. Here, objective implies the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Peter D Drummond , Margaret D Reid

Measurement quantum mechanics, the theory of a quantum system which undergoes a measurement process, is introduced by a loop of mathematical equivalencies connecting previously proposed approaches. The unique phenomenological parameter of…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Carlo Presilla , Roberto Onofrio , Ubaldo Tambini

This paper addresses the question whether a variant of a modal interpretation is conceivable that could accommodate property ascriptions associated with nonorthogonal resolutions of the unity and nonorthogonal families of relative states as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Busch

A hypothetical formulation of quantum mechanics is presented so as to reconcile it with macro-realism. On the analogy drawn from thermodynamics, an objective description of wave packet reduction is postulated, in which a characteristic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Takuya Okabe

Quantum mechanics is derived from the principle that the universe contain as much variety as possible, in the sense of maximizing the distinctiveness of each subsystem. The quantum state of a microscopic system is defined to correspond to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Lee Smolin

The theory of decoherence attempts to explain the emergent classical behaviour of a quantum system interacting with its quantum environment. In order to formalize this mechanism we introduce the idea that the information preserved in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-06 Cédric Bény

We propose an exercise in which one attempts to deduce the formalism of quantum mechanics solely from phenomenological observations. The only assumed inputs are obtained through sequential probing of quantum systems; no presuppositions…

We reconstruct finite-dimensional quantum theory with superselection rules, which can describe hybrid quantum-classical systems, from four purely operational postulates: symmetric sharpness, complete mixing, filtering, and local equality.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Kenji Nakahira

In quantum mechanics, the Heisenberg uncertainty relation presents an ultimate limit to the precision by which one can predict the outcome of position and momentum measurements on a particle. Heisenberg explicitly stated this relation for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Han Bao , Shenchao Jin , Junlei Duan , Suotang Jia , Klaus Mølmer , Heng Shen , Yanhong Xiao

This paper develops an agent-centric account of measurement that treats the preferred-basis problem is fundamentally perspectival. On this view, the system--apparatus--environment decomposition and the observables that are apt to become…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Peter W. Evans

John Bell once argued that one ought to select, out of the 'observables' of quantum theory, some subset of 'beables' that can be consistently ascribed determinate values. Moreover, this subset should be selected so as to guarantee (among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rob Clifton

Some physicists believe that superselection rules should be implemented to get rid of inconsistencies when a theory is framed in terms of a new mathematical formulation, whilst others think that this new formulation should be modified…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-10-05 Jorge Manero

It is well known that the dynamical mechanism of decoherence may cause apparent superselection rules, like that of molecular chirality. These `environment-induced' or `soft' superselection rules may be contrasted with `hard' superselection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Domenico Giulini

Micro-Macro Duality means here the universal mutual relations between the microscopic quantum world and various macroscopic classical levels, which can be formulated mathematically as categorical adjunctions. It underlies a unified scheme…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Izumi Ojima

The quantum superposition principle has been extensively utilized in the quantum mechanical description of the bonding phenomenon. It explains the emergence of delocalized molecular orbitals and provides a recipe for the construction of…

Quantum mechanics owes much of its extraordinary success to a Hilbertian program of mathematical formalization. Yet, the formalism remains poorly aligned with the practical limitations of computations in finite dimensions and under finite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Timothy Stroschein , Markus Reiher

In this paper we intend to discuss the importance of providing a physical representation of quantum superpositions which goes beyond the mere reference to mathematical structures and measurement outcomes. This proposal goes in the opposite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-19 Christian de Ronde
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