Related papers: Folds in 2D String Theories

The complete set of solutions of two dimensional classical string theory are constructed for any curved spacetime. They describe folded strings moving in curved spacetime. Surprizing stringy behavior becomes evident at singularities such as…

We introduce the rotation unfolding of the folding map of a surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$, and investigate its $\mathcal{A}$-vesality. The rotation unfolding is a 2-parameter unfolding and can be considered as a subfamily of the folding family,…

For each integer q>0 there is a cohomology theory such that the zero cohomology group of a manifold N of dimension n is a certain group of cobordism classes of proper fold maps of manifolds of dimension n+q into N. We prove a splitting…

Round fold maps are smooth maps on closed manifolds which are locally represented as the product maps of Morse functions and identity maps on open disks and whose singularity is realized as concentrically embedded spheres. The author…

From descent theory to higher geometry, the idea of gluing has been embedded in many elegant and powerful techniques, proving instrumental for the solution of many problems. In this paper, we introduce a framework that allows to link…

The fundamental role of on-shell diagrams in quantum field theory has been recently recognized. On-shell diagrams, or equivalently bipartite graphs, provide a natural bridge connecting gauge theory to powerful mathematical structures such…

It has been conjectured recently that the field theory limit of the topological string partition functions, including all higher genus contributions, for the family of CY3-folds giving rise to N=2 4D SU(N) gauge theory via geometric…

Partition functions of some two-dimensional statistical models can be represented by means of Grassmann integrals over loops living on two-dimensional torus. It is shown that those Grassmann integrals are topological invariants, which…

We study a method to obtain invariants under area-preserving diffeomorphisms associated to closed curves in the plane from classical Yang-Mills theory in two dimensions. Taking as starting point the Yang-Mills field coupled to non dynamical…

Higher genus partition functions of two-dimensional conformal field theories have to be invariants under linear actions of mapping class groups. We illustrate recent results [4,6] on the construction of such invariants by concrete…

We develop tools for determining the gauge theory resulting from a configuration of Type IIB D3-branes probing a non-compact, toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold, in the presence of additional flavor D7-branes with general embeddings. Two main…

The interaction of matter with gravity in two dimensional spacetimes can be supplemented with a geometrical force analogous to a Lorentz force produced on a surface by a constant perpendicular magnetic field. In the special case of constant…

We show how Feynman amplitudes of standard QFT on flat and homogeneous space can naturally be recast as the evaluation of observables for a specific spin foam model, which provides dynamics for the background geometry. We identify the…

Fold maps are fundamental tools in the theory of singularities of differentiable maps and its applications to geometry. They are higher dimensional variants of Morse functions. Classes of special generic maps and round fold maps are…

We introduce a novel neural representation for maps between 3D shapes based on flow-matching models, which is computationally efficient and supports cross-representation shape matching without large-scale training or data-driven procedures.…

A two-dimensional string model with dynamical cancellation of folds is considered. The action of the model contains the self-intersection number which is defined for surfaces immersed into 4D targets. The two additional variables are not…

Predicting the large-amplitude deformations of thin elastic sheets is difficult due to the complications of self-contact, geometric nonlinearities, and a multitude of low-lying energy states. We study a simple two-dimensional setting where…

We present a complex matrix gauge model defined on an arbitrary two-dimensional orientable lattice. We rewrite the model's partition function in terms of a sum over representations of the group U(N). The model solves the general…

Based on several previous examples, we summarize explicitly the general procedure to gauge models with subsystem symmetries, which are symmetries with generators that have support within a sub-manifold of the system. The gauging process can…

This is the first in a series of papers on the search for the 2D CFT description of a large class of 4D $\mathcal{N} = 1$ gauge theories. Here, we identify the 2D CFT symmetry algebra and its representations, namely the conformal blocks of…