Related papers: Phase Transition in Rigid String Coupled to Kalb-R…
The dipole-coupled two-level atoms(qubits) in a single-mode resonant cavity is studied by extended bosonic coherent states. The numerically exact solution is presented. For finite systems, the first-order quantum phase transitions occur at…
The dynamics of partons, hadrons and strings in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is analyzed within the novel Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach, which is based on a dynamical quasiparticle model for partons…
An effective string theory emerging from the bilocal approximation to the Method of Vacuum Correlators in gluodynamics is shown to be well described by the 4D theory of the massive Abelian Kalb-Ramond field interacting with the string,…
On an unstable D-brane, the rolling of the tachyon away from the maximum of its potential is described by time-dependent solutions in string theory. Subsequent analysis leads to an understanding of physics around the tachyon vacuum in terms…
A new non-perturbative approach to quantum field theory is proposed. Instead of performing a path integral over configurations of classical fields, D-theory works with discrete quantized variables. Classical spin fields are replaced by…
Phase transitions to absorbing states are among the simplest examples of critical phenomena out of equilibrium. The characteristic feature of these models is the presence of a fluctuationless configuration which the dynamics cannot leave,…
We consider the propagation of classical and quantum strings on cosmological space-times which interpolate from a collapsing phase to an expanding phase. We begin by considering the classical propagation of strings on space-times with…
Phase transitions are studied in $M$-theory and $F$-theory. In $M$-theory compactification to five dimensions on a Calabi-Yau, there are topology-changing transitions similar to those seen in conformal field theory, but the non-geometrical…
The combined effect of disorder and symmetry-breaking fields on the two-dimensional XY model is examined. The study includes disorder in the interaction among spins in the form of random phase shifts as well as disorder in the local…
Quantum phase transitions arise in many-body systems due to competing interactions that promote rivaling ground states. Recent years have seen the identification of continuous quantum phase transitions, or quantum critical points, in a host…
We study the dynamics of confinement-deconfinement (C-D) phase transition in the context of relativistic heavy-ion collisions within the framework of effective models for the Polyakov loop order parameter. We study the formation of $Z(3)$…
Observing quantum phase transitions in mesoscopic systems is a daunting task, thwarted by the difficulty of experimentally varying the magnetic interactions, the typical driving force behind these phase transitions. Here we demonstrate that…
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) reduces the strong interactions, in all their variety, to a simple nonabelian gauge theory. It clearly and elegantly explains hadrons at short distances, which has led to its universal acceptance. Since its…
I report on recent results obtained within the Hamiltonian approach to QCD in Coulomb gauge. Furthermore this approach is compared to recent lattice data, which were obtained by an alternative gauge fixing method and which show an improved…
We point out that quantum field theories based on the concept of Clifford space and Clifford algebra valued-fields involve both positive and negative energies. This is a consequence of the indefinite signature (p,q) of the Clifford space.…
We show that the existence of string order in a given quantum state is intimately related to the presence of a local symmetry by proving that both concepts are equivalent within the framework of finitely correlated states. Once this…
We study theoretically the effects of long-range and on-site Coulomb interactions on the topological phases and transport properties of spin-orbit-coupled quasi-one-dimensional quantum wires imposed on an s-wave superconductor. The…
An elementary phenomenological consideration is presented regarding the long wavelength quantum dynamics in cuprate superconductors. The emphasis is on the interplay of the charge- and spin order associated with the stripe phenomenon on the…
These lectures are devoted to introducing some of the basic features of quantum geometry that have been emerging from compactified string theory over the last couple of years. The developments discussed include new geometric features of…
We explore the formation of cosmic string Y-junctions when strings of two different types collide, which has recently become important since string theory can yield cosmic strings of distinct types. Using a model containing two types of…