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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational quantum algorithm introduced to tackle classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems. This tutorial offers a comprehensive, first-principles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Alessandro Giovagnoli

We give the operadic formulation of (weak, strong) topological vertex algebras, which are variants of topological vertex operator algebras studied recently by Lian and Zuckerman. As an application, we obtain a conceptual and geometric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Yi-Zhi Huang

We introduce Quantum Index Algebra (QIA) as a finite, index-based algebraic framework for representing and manipulating quantum operators on Hilbert spaces of dimension $2^m$. In QIA, operators are expressed as structured combinations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 A. Yu. Volkov , G. A. Koroteev , Yu. S. Volkov

Classical mechanics is presented here in a unary operator form, constructed using the binary multiplication and Poisson bracket operations that are given in a phase space formalism, then a Gibbs equilibrium state over this unary operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-18 Peter Morgan

We introduce notions of ${\mathcal O}$-operators of the Loday algebras including the dendriform algebras and quadri-algebras as a natural generalization of Rota-Baxter operators. The invertible $\mathcal O$-operators give a sufficient and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-04-05 Chengming Bai

We investigate operator algebraic origins of the classical Koopman-von Neumann wave function $\psi_{KvN}$ as well as the quantum mechanical one $\psi_{QM}$. We introduce a formalism of Operator Mechanics (OM) based on a noncommutative…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Xerxes D. Arsiwalla , David Chester , Louis H. Kauffman

For $q>0$ let $\cA$ denote the unital $\ast$-algebra with generator $x$ and defining relation $xx^\ast=qxx^\ast$. Based on this algebra we study $q$-normal operators, the complex $q$-moment problem, positive elements and sums of squares.

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Jaka Cimpric , Yurii Savchuk , Konrad Schmüdgen

The notion of vertex operator coalgebra is presented and motivated via the geometry of conformal field theory. Specifically, we describe the category of geometric vertex operator coalgebras, whose objects have comultiplicative structures…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Keith Hubbard

Following the definitions of the algebras of differential operators, $\beta$-differential operators, and the quantum differential operators on a noncommutative (graded) algebra given in \cite{LR}, we describe these operators on the free…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-03-08 Uma N. Iyer , Timothy C. McCune

We propose a conjectural correspondence between the spectra of the Bethe algebra for the quantum toroidal $\mathfrak{gl}_2$ algebra on relaxed Verma modules, and $q$-hypergeometric opers with apparent singularities. We introduce alongside…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-06-12 B. Feigin , M. Jimbo , E. Mukhin

We study a certain class of bulk-boundary systems in the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formalism. We construct factorization algebras of observables for such bulk-boundary systems, and show that these factorization algebras have a natural Poisson…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-04-04 Eugene Rabinovich

In this paper, we explore a canonical connection between the algebra of $q$-difference operators $\widetilde{V}_{q}$, affine Lie algebra and affine vertex algebras associated to certain subalgebra $\mathcal{A}$ of the Lie algebra…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2021-01-20 Hongyan Guo

This paper defines the concept of an oriented quantum algebra and develops its application to the construction of quantum link invariants. We show that all known quantum link invariants can be put into this framework.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Louis H. Kauffman , David E. Radford

Derivations play a fundamental role in the definition of vertex (operator) algebras, sometimes regarded as a generalization of differential commutative algebras. This paper studies the role played by the integral counterpart of the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2023-07-20 Chengming Bai , Li Guo , Jianqi Liu , Xiaoyan Wang

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a highly promising variational quantum algorithm that aims to solve combinatorial optimization problems that are classically intractable. This comprehensive review offers an overview…

By using algebraic tools from differential Gerstenhaber algebras and Batalin-Vilkobisky algebras, we provide a new perspective on the modular class in Poisson geometry and the intrinsic biderivation of a Lie bialgebra. Furthermore,…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Marco A. Farinati , A. Patricia Jancsa

We study a vertex operator algebra containing a tensor product of Ising models. It is a direct sum of code vertex operator algebra and its irreducible modules. Therefore, we classify all irreducible modules of code vertex operator algebras…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Masahiko Miyamoto

Given a simple Lie algebra $\gggg$, we consider the orbits in $\gggg^*$ which are of R-matrix type, i.e., which possess a Poisson pencil generated by the Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau bracket and the so-called R-matrix bracket. We call an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Donin , D. Gurevich

By studying the properties of $q$-series $\widehat Z$-invariants, we develop a dictionary between 3-manifolds and vertex algebras. In particular, we generalize previously known entries in this dictionary to Lie groups of higher rank, to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-07 Miranda C. N. Cheng , Sungbong Chun , Boris Feigin , Francesca Ferrari , Sergei Gukov , Sarah M. Harrison , Davide Passaro

We study a vertex operator algebra (VOA) V related to the M(3,p) Virasoro minimal series. This VOA reduces in the simplest case p=4 to the level two integrable vacuum module of $\hat{sl}_2$. On V there is an action of a commutative current…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 B. Feigin , M. Jimbo , T. Miwa
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