Related papers: Ghosts of ghosts for second class constraints
We obtain the various forms of BRST symmetry by using the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky formalism in a prototypical first class system. We have shown that the various forms of symmetry can be obtained through canonical transformation in the…
We perform the Hamiltonian analysis of general bimetric gravity. We determine four first class constraints that are generators of the diagonal diffeomorphism. We further analyze the remaining constraints and we present an evidence that…
In this work, a particular BRST-exact class of deformations of the b ghost in the non-minimal pure spinor formalism is investigated and the impact of this construction in the $\mathcal{N}=2$ $\hat{c}=3$ topological string algebra is…
Extending phase space to include time and it canonical conjugate energy as well as the usual momentum and position variables, and then introducing the constraint which sets energy equal to the Hamiltonian, gives a symplectic action of the…
We use the method due to Batalin, Fradkin, Fradkina, and Tyutin (BFFT) in order to convert second-class into first-class constraints for some quantum mechanics supersymmetric theories. The main point to be considered is that the extended…
The BRST quantization of strings is revisited and the derivation of the path integral measure for scattering amplitudes is streamlined. Gauge invariances due to zero modes in the ghost sector are taken into account by using the…
All solvable two-dimensional quantum gravity models have non-trivial BRST cohomology with vanishing ghost number. These states form a ring and all the other states in the theory fall into modules of this ring. The relations in the ring and…
Using the Dirac constraint method we show that the pure fourth-order Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator model is free of observable negative norm states. Even though such ghosts do appear when the fourth order theory is coupled to a second order…
General structure of BRST-invariant constraint algebra is established, in its commutator and antibracket forms, by means of formulation of algebra-generating equations in yet more extended phase space. New ghost-type variables behave as…
Theories with infinite volume extra dimensions open exciting opportunities for particle physics. We argued recently that along with attractive features there are phenomenological difficulties in this class of models. In fact, there is no…
The aim of these notes is to provide a self-contained review of why it is generically a problem when a solution of a theory possesses ghost fields among the perturbation modes. We define what a ghost field is and we show that its presence…
We perform a canonical analysis of the bimetric theory in the metric formulation, computing the constraints and their algebra explicitly. In particular, we compute a secondary constraint, that has been argued to exist earlier, and show that…
It is shown how to sew string vertices with ghosts at tree level in order to produce new tree vertices using the Group Theoretic approach to String Theory. It is then verified the BRST invariance of the sewn vertex and shown that it has the…
We show that general infrared modifications of the Einstein-Hilbert action obtained by addition of curvature invariants are not viable. These modifications contain either ghosts or light gravity scalars. A very specific fine-tuning might…
This thesis describes the mathematical structures of the quantum BRST constraint method. Ultimately, the quantum BRST structures are formulated in a C*-algebraic context, leading to comparison of the quantum BRST and the Dirac constraint…
In this note we give a BRST interpretation of inner product of group averaging on de Sitter group SO(2,1). Quantization approaches can be divided in two classes, without introducing additional degrees of freedom and with introducing ghosts,…
We study the Hamiltonian structure of tri-gravity and four-gravity in the framework of ADM decomposition of the corresponding metrics. Hence we can deduce the general structure of the constraint system of multi-gravity. We will show it is…
In this article, the existence of ghost classes for the Shimura varieties associated to algebraic groups of orthogonal similitudes of signature (2, n) is investigated. We make use of the study of the weights in the mixed Hodge structures…
For a wide class of mechanical systems, invariant under gauge transformations with higher (arbitrary) order time derivatives of gauge parameters, the equivalence of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian BRST formalisms is proved. It is shown that the…
Generators of the algebra of first class functions in a system with second class constraints are found. It is shown that first class functions form algebras with respect to the Dirac bracket and pointwise multiplication.The subspace of…