Related papers: A Finite-Temperature Periodic Structure in (SUPER)…
We analyze the phase structure of $SU(\infty)$ gauge theory at finite temperature using matrix models. Our basic assumption is that the effective potential is dominated by double-trace terms for the Polyakov loops. As a function of the…
We investigate superconducting systems with the use of the phenomenological Landau's theory of second order phase transitions, including into the considerations the critical behaviour of the chemical potential. We derive in this way a…
Electron pairing at low temperatures leads to superconductivity. A fundamental question is whether more complex states - characterized by order in four-electron composite objects, termed electron quadrupling or composite order - can exist…
Superconductors are the only experimentally accessible systems with spontaneously broken gauge symmetries which support topologically nontrivial defects, namely string defects. We propose two experiments whose aim is the observation of the…
Algebraic hyperstructures represent a natural extension of classical algebraic structures. In a classical algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two…
The density functional theory for superconductors developed in the preceding article [cond-mat/0408685] is applied to the calculation of superconducting properties of several elemental metals. In particular, we present results for the…
The Li$_2$S-P$_2$S$_5$ pseudo-binary system has been a valuable source of promising superionic conductors, with $\alpha$-Li$_3$PS$_4$, $\beta$-Li$_3$PS$_4$, HT-Li$_7$PS$_6$, and Li$_7$P$_3$S$_{11}$ having excellent room temperature Li-ion…
Athermal (i.e. zero-temperature) under-constrained systems are typically floppy, but they can be rigidified by the application of external strain. Following our recently developed analytical theory for the athermal limit, here and in the…
In this paper we study a class of physical systems that combine a finite number of mechanical and thermodynamic observables. We call them finite dimensional thermo-mechanical systems. We introduce these systems by means of simple examples.…
There are some particular one-dimensional models, such as the Ising-Heisenberg spin models with a variety of chain structures, which exhibit unexpected behaviors quite similar to the first and second order phase transition, which could be…
A stability criterion is worked out for the superconducting phase. The validity of a prerequisite, established previously for persistent currents, is thereby confirmed. Temperature dependence is given for the specific heat and concentration…
Thermal duality, which relates the physics of closed strings at temperature T to the physics at the inverse temperature 1/T, is one of the most intriguing features of string thermodynamics. Unfortunately, the classical definitions of…
All high-temperature phases of the known N=4 superstrings in five dimensions can be described by the universal thermal potential of an effective four-dimensional supergravity. This theory, in addition to three moduli s, t, u, contains…
Five-dimensional $SU(3)$ gauge-Higgs unification models are studied at finite temperature in the warped extra dimension $S^1/\mathbb{Z}_2$. In order to investigate the phase structure, we developed a technique to compute the one-loop…
We perform a systematic study of the thermodynamics of quantum gases in the unitarity limit. Our study makes use of a "Universality Hypothesis" for the relevant energy scales of a many-body system at unitarity. This Hypothesis is supported…
First-order phase transitions in the early universe have rich phenomenological implications, such as the production of a potentially detectable signal of stochastic relic background gravitational waves. The hypothesis that new, strongly…
Using generic properties of string theories, we show how interesting non-perturbative features of QCD can be exploited in heavy ion collisions. In particular, a generalized "semi-circle" law for the phase diagram in the temperature-chemical…
Above the Hagedorn energy density closed fundamental strings form a long string phase. The dynamics of weakly interacting long strings is described by a simple Boltzmann equation which can be solved explicitly for equilibrium distributions.…
Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in the thin-film FeSe/SrTiO$_3$ system, iron selenide and its derivates have been intensively scrutinized. Using ab initio density functional theory calculations we review the…
The parameter dependence of the various attractive solutions of the three variable nonlinear Lorenz model equations for thermal convection in Rayleigh-B\'enard flow is studied. Its bifurcation structure has commonly been investigated as a…