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The operator algebraic framework plays an important role in mathematical physics. Many different operator algebras exist for example for a theory of quantum mechanics. In Loop Quantum Gravity only two algebras have been introduced until…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-24 Diana Kaminski

Important characteristics of the loop approach to quantum gravity are a specific choice of the algebra A of observables and of a representation of A on a measure space over the space of generalized connections. This representation is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-27 Hanno Sahlmann

We present a new formulation of quantum holonomy theory, which is a candidate for a non-perturbative and background independent theory of quantum gravity coupled to matter and gauge degrees of freedom. The new formulation is based on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-21 Johannes Aastrup , Jesper M. Grimstrup

The gravity-scalar field system in spherical symmetry provides a natural setting for exploring gravitational collapse and its aftermath in quantum gravity. In a canonical approach, we give constructions of the Hamiltonian operator, and of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-03-26 Viqar Husain , Daniel R. Terno

In [arXiv:1411.3592] an extension of the Ashtekar-Lewandowski (AL) state space of Loop Quantum Gravity was set up with the help a projective formalism introduced by Kijowski [Kijowski 1977; see also: arXiv:1304.6330, arXiv:1411.3590]. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-23 Suzanne Lanéry , Thomas Thiemann

In this paper, we address a foundational challenge in quantum field theory on curved spacetime by developing a consistent framework within loop quantum gravity. We introduce a methodology for defining meaningful superpositions of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-17 Gaoping Long , Cong Zhang

In this paper, we address the problem of the dynamics in three dimensional loop quantum gravity with zero cosmological constant. We construct a rigorous definition of Rovelli's generalized projection operator from the kinematical Hilbert…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Karim Noui , Alejandro Perez

The relationship between associative composition algebras of dimensions 2 and 4 within the context of homogeneous spaces, with a particular focus on Hamiltonian quaternions, is explored. In the special case of Hamiltonian quaternions, the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Mahir Bilen Can , Ana Casimiro , Ferruh Özbudak

We analyze the issue of anomaly-free representations of the constraint algebra in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) in the context of a diffeomorphism-invariant gauge theory in three spacetime dimensions. We construct a Hamiltonian constraint…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-04 Adam Henderson , Alok Laddha , Casey Tomlin

The problem of finding the quantum theory of the gravitational field, and thus understanding what is quantum spacetime, is still open. One of the most active of the current approaches is loop quantum gravity. Loop quantum gravity is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-19 Carlo Rovelli

Based on a family of indefinite unitary representations of the diffeomorphism group of an oriented smooth $4$-manifold, a manifestly covariant $4$ dimensional and non-perturbative algebraic quantum field theory formulation of gravity is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-18 Gabor Etesi

In this paper we establish the existence of the non-perturbative theory of quantum gravity known as quantum holonomy theory by showing that a Hilbert space representation of the QHD(M) algebra, which is an algebra generated by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-18 Johannes Aastrup , Jesper M. Grimstrup

This work introduces a new space $\T'_*$ of `vertex-smooth' states for use in the loop approach to quantum gravity. Such states provide a natural domain for Euclidean Hamiltonian constraint operators of the type introduced by Thiemann (and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Jerzy Lewandowski , Donald Marolf

Witten described how a path integral quantization of Wilson Loop observables will define Jones polynomial type of link invariants, using the Chern-Simons gauge theory in $\mathbb{R}^3$. In this gauge theory, a compact Lie group ${\rm G}$,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-08 Adrian P. C. Lim

We summarize the basics of the loop representation of quantum gravity and describe the main aspects of the formalism, including its latest developments, in a reorganized and consistent form. Recoupling theory, in its graphical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Roberto De Pietri , C. Rovelli

A rigorous analysis is presented for the entanglement spectrum of quantum many-body states possessing a higher-form group-representation symmetry generated by topological Wilson loops, which is generally non-invertible. A general framework…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Haruki Yagi , Zongping Gong

The definition of a quantum system requires a Hilbert space, a way to define the dynamics, and an algebra of observables. The structure of the observable algebra is related to a tensor product decomposition of the Hilbert space and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-22 Gabriel M. Carral , Iñaki Garay , Francesca Vidotto

In [1] we initiated an approach towards quantizing the Hamiltonian constraint in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) by requiring that it generates an anomaly-free representation of constraint algebra off-shell. We investigated this issue in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-13 Adam Henderson , Alok Laddha , casey Tomlin

We present quantum holonomy theory, which is a non-perturbative theory of quantum gravity coupled to fermionic degrees of freedom. The theory is based on a C*-algebra that involves holonomy-diffeomorphisms on a 3-dimensional manifold and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-03 Johannes Aastrup , Jesper M. Grimstrup

We construct a model of quantum gravity in which dimension, topology and geometry of spacetime are dynamical. The microscopic degree of freedom is a real rectangular matrix whose rows label internal flavours, and columns label spatial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-14 Sung-Sik Lee