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It is well-known that there exist infinitely-many inequivalent representations of the canonical (anti)-commutation relations of Quantum Field Theory (QFT). A way out, suggested by Algebraic QFT, is to instead define the quantum theory as…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-10-28 Suzanne Lanéry

We quantize spherically symmetric vacuum gravity without gauge fixing the diffeomorphism constraint. Through a rescaling, we make the algebra of Hamiltonian constraints Abelian and therefore the constraint algebra is a true Lie algebra.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-18 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

The fundamental interactions of nature, the electroweak and the quantum chromodynamics, are described in the Standard Model by the Gauge Theory under internal symmetries that maintain the invariance of the functional action. The fundamental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-21 Wytler Cordeiro dos Santos

We propose a new representation for gauge theories and quantum gravity. It can be viewed as a generalization of the loop representation. We make use of a recently introduced extension of the group of loops into a Lie Group. This extension…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 C. Di Bartolo , R. Gambini , J. Griego , J. Pullin

These notes are a didactic overview of the non perturbative and background independent approach to a quantum theory of gravity known as loop quantum gravity. The definition of real connection variables for general relativity, used as a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-29 Alejandro Perez

This article reviews the status of several solutions to all the constraints of quantum gravity that have been proposed in terms of loops and extended loops. We discuss pitfalls of several of the results and in particular discuss the issues…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Cayetano Di Bartolo , Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Griego , Jorge Pullin

Loop Quantum Gravity is a theory that attempts to describe the quantum mechanics of the gravitational field based on the canonical quantization of General Relativity. According to Loop Quantum Gravity, in a gravitational field, geometric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-16 W. F. Chagas-Filho

The non-linear realisation based on $A_1^{+++}$ is known to describe gravity in terms of both the graviton and the dual graviton. We extend this analysis at the linearised level to find the equations of motion for the first higher dual…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-13 Nicolas Boulanger , Paul P. Cook , Josh A. O'Connor , Peter West

We show that the self-interactions present in the effective field theory formulation of general relativity can couple gravitational wave modes and generate nonclassical states. The output of gravitational nonlinear processes can also be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Thiago Guerreiro

Loop Quantum Gravity is a nonperturbative and background independent program for the quantization of General Relativity. Its underlying formalism has been applied successfully to the study of cosmological spacetimes, both to test the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-13 Beatriz Elizaga Navascués , Guillermo A. Mena Marugán

We quantize the Hamilton equations instead of the Hamilton condition. The resulting equation has the simple form $-\D u=0$ in a fiber bundle, where the Laplacian is the Laplacian of the Wheeler-DeWitt metric provided $n\not=4$. Using then…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-20 Claus Gerhardt

Loop quantum gravity, a non-perturbative and manifestly background free, quantum theory of gravity implies that at the kinematical level the spatial geometry is discrete in a specific sense. The spirit of background independence also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-03-12 Ghanashyam Date , Golam Mortuza Hossain

Loop quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that starts from the Hamiltonian formulation in terms of a connection and its canonical conjugate. Quantization proceeds in the spirit of Dirac: First one defines an algebra of basic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jerzy Lewandowski , Andrzej Okolow , Hanno Sahlmann , Thomas Thiemann

In a previous paper, we showed how to use the techniques of the group of loops to formulate the loop approach to gravity proposed by Mandelstam in the 1960's. Those techniques allow to overcome some of the difficulties that had been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-26 Rodolfo Gambini , Saeed Rastgoo , Jorge Pullin

A simple model is constructed which allows to compute modified dispersion relations with effects from loop quantum gravity. Different quantization choices can be realized and their effects on the order of corrections studied explicitly. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Martin Bojowald , Hugo A. Morales-Tecotl , Hanno Sahlmann

We examine tensor perturbations around a deSitter background within the framework of Ashtekar's variables and cousins parameterized by the Immirzi parameter $\gamma$. At the classical level we recover standard cosmological perturbation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-23 Joao Magueijo , Dionigi M. T. Benincasa

We consider the quantum mechanics of Einstein gravity linearised about flat spacetime. The two transverse-traceless components of the metric perturbation are the true physical degrees of freedom. They appear in the quantum theory as free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-15 James B. Hartle , Kristen Schleich

A manifestly Lorentz-covariant formulation of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is given in terms of finite-dimensional representations of the Lorentz group. The formulation accounts for discrete symmetries, such as parity and time-reversal, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-08 Francesco Cianfrani

We revisit the quantization of U(1) holonomy algebras using the abelian C* algebra based techniques which form the mathematical underpinnings of current efforts to construct loop quantum gravity. In particular, we clarify the role of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Madhavan Varadarajan

In this article we review the foundations and the present status of loop quantum gravity. It is short and relatively non-technical, the emphasis is on the ideas, and the flavor of the techniques. In particular, we describe the kinematical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-02-02 Hanno Sahlmann