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Related papers: Entropy and initial conditions in cosmology

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This work presents a brief and non-technical description of the main results and concepts of the modern scientific cosmology, viewing it from an epistemological perspective which allows a dialog with other modes of thinking like e.g.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-10-13 Marcelo Byrro Ribeiro

According to the second law of thermodynamics, the arrow of time points to an ever increasing entropy of the Universe. However, exactly how the entropy evolves with time and what drives the growth remain largely unknown. Here, for the first…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-09 Xinghai Zhao , Yuexing Li , Qirong Zhu , Derek Fox

We propose that the initial state of the Universe was an isotropic state of maximal entropy. Such a state can be described in terms of a state of closed, interacting, fundamental strings in their high-temperature Hagedorn phase. The entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-01 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

In this paper, we investigate an important issue addressed by several approaches to quantum cosmology, like that based on loop quantum gravity and string theory: the existence of an arrow of time driving the cosmological evolution according…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-25 Carlos Silva , Renan Aragão , Francisco A. Brito

The theory of cosmological perturbations is the main tool which connects theories of the early universe (based on new fundamental physics such as string theory) with cosmological observations. In these lectures, I will provide an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Robert H. Brandenberger

Small systems consisting of a few particles are increasingly technologically relevant. In such systems, an intense debate in microcanonical statistical mechanics has been about the correctness of Boltzmann's surface entropy versus Gibbs'…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-20 Ananth Govind Rajan

We find ourselves in an extended era of entropy production. Unlike most other observations, the arrow of time is usually regarded as a constraint on initial conditions. I argue, however, that it primarily constrains the vacuum structure of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-30 Raphael Bousso

This is a short summary of a project to construct a first principles cosmology of the Standard Model epoch, the period starting shortly before the electro-weak transition. The cosmology is derived from a simple initial state entirely within…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-14 Daniel Friedan

We investigate theories in which gravity arises as a consequence of entropy. We distinguish between two approaches to this idea: holographic gravity, in which Einstein's equation arises from keeping entropy stationary in equilibrium under…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-23 Sean M. Carroll , Grant N. Remmen

We note that the observable part of universe at a certain time t_P is necessarily limited, when there is a beginning of universe. We argue that an appropriate spacetime region associated with an observer from tI to t_P is the causal diamond…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Dongsu Bak

The cosmic string theory for cosmological fluctuations is a good example of healthy scientific progress in cosmology. It is a well defined physically motivated model that has been tested by cosmological observations and has been ruled out…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 L. Perivolaropoulos

We present a minimal model for the Universe evolution fully extracted from effective String Theory. By linking this model with a minimal but well established observational information, we prove that it gives realistic predictions on early…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. P. Infante , N. Sanchez

We explore the effects of a positive cosmological constant on astrophysical and cosmological configurations described by a polytropic equation of state. We derive the conditions for equilibrium and stability of such configurations and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Andres Balaguera-Antolinez , David F. Mota , Marek Nowakowski

We analyze the thermodynamical consistency of entropic-force cosmological models. Our analysis is based on a generalized entropy scaling with an arbitrary power of the Hubble radius. The Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, proportional to the area,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-28 D. J. Zamora , C. Tsallis

The usual account for the origin of cosmic structure during inflation is not fully satisfactory, as it lacks a physical mechanism capable of generating the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of our Universe, from an exactly homogeneous and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-18 Gabriel Leon , Susana J. Landau , Daniel Sudarsky

We investigate entropic force cosmological models with the possibility of matter creation and energy exchange between the bulk and the horizon of a homogeneous and an isotropic flat Universe. We consider three different kinds of entropy,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-27 Hussain Gohar , Vincenzo Salzano

One of the major pillars of modern cosmology theory is a period of accelerating expansion in the early universe. This accelerating expansion, or inflation, must be sustained for at least 30 e--foldings. One mechanism used to drive the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-04-17 Damien A. Easson , Paul H. Frampton , George F. Smoot

The assumption that a complete description of an early state of the universe does not privilege any position or direction in space leads to a unified account of probability in cosmology, macroscopic physics, and quantum mechanics. Such a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-09 David Layzer

An anthropic understanding of the cosmological constant requires that the vacuum energy at late time scans from one patch of the universe to another. If the vacuum energy during inflation also scans, the various patches of the universe…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Brian Feldstein , Lawrence J. Hall , Taizan Watari

The growing cosmological interest of different entropy functions (like the Tsallis entropy, the R\'{e}nyi entropy, the Barrow entropy, the Sharma-Mittal entropy, the Kaniadakis entropy and the Loop Quantum gravity entropy) naturally raises…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-18 Sergei D. Odintsov , Simone D'Onofrio , Tanmoy Paul