Related papers: Massless and Massive Vector Goldstone Bosons in No…
At sufficiently high chemical potential massive relativistic spin one fields condense. This phenomenon leads to the spontaneous breaking of rotational invariance while linking it to the breaking of internal symmetries. We study the relevant…
Lorentz invariance (LI) is a foundational principle of modern physics, yet its possible violation (LIV) remains an intriguing window to physics beyond the Standard Model. While stringent constraints exist in the electromagnetic and hadronic…
Spontaneous violation of Lorentz symmetry by the vacuum condensation of an antisymmetric $2$-tensor is considered. The coset construction for nonlinear realization of spacetime symmetries is employed to build the most general low-energy…
Recently Rizzo studied the Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) in a brane scenario with one extra dimension where he found a non-zero mass for the four-dimensional graviton. This leads to the conclusion that five-dimensional models with LIV…
In a class of three-dimensional abelian gauge theory the Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken by dynamical generation of a magnetic field. An originally topologically massive photon becomes gapless, i.e. p_0=0 at {\vec p}=0. Indeed,…
The emergent gauge theories are reconsidered in light of supersymmetry and an appropriate emergence conjecture is formulated. Accordingly, it might be expected that only global symmetries are fundamental symmetries of Nature, whereas local…
We perform a model-independent analysis of the spontaneously broken phase of an $SU(2)\times U(1)$ supersymmetric gauge theory, by using a non-linear parametrization of the Goldstone sector of the theory. The non-linear variables correspond…
We argue that a generic trigger for photon and other gauge fields to emerge as massless Nambu-Goldstone modes could be spontaneously broken supersymmetry rather than physically manifested Lorentz violation. We consider supersymmetric QED…
Spontaneous scale invariance breaking and the associated Goldstone boson, the dilaton, is investigated in renormalizable, unitary, interacting non-supersymmetric scalar field theories in $4-\varepsilon$ dimensions. At leading order it is…
It is well known that massless Goldstone bosons have not yet been observed. In the Goldstone boson model, after the spontaneous symmetry breaking under $U(1)$, two coupled nonlinear equations are obtained for which we present the exact…
We investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in Lorentz-noninvariant theories. Our general discussion includes relativistic systems at finite density as well as intrinsically nonrelativistic systems. The main result of the paper is a direct…
We study the effect of Lorentz symmetry violation (LSV) on the behaviour at high energy of SU(N) gauge theory with quarks in the fundamental representation. The approach is similar to that for QED treated in a previous paper. In contrast to…
We propose a minimal extension to the Standard Model by introducing a Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) term into the Z boson's dispersion relation, expressed as $p_\mu p^\mu = M_Z^2 + \delta_{LIV} (p_\mu n^\mu)^2$, where $\delta_{LIV}$…
Scalar QED is studied with higher order derivatives for the scalar field kinetic energy. A local potential is generated for the gauge field due to the covariant derivatives and the vacuum with non-vanishing expectation value for the scalar…
In a class of renormalizable three-dimensional abelian gauge theory the Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken by dynamical generation of a magnetic field $B$. The true ground state resembles that of the quantum Hall effect. An…
We investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking within the linear sigma model with the SU(2)xU(1) internal symmetry at finite chemical potential, which was suggested as a model for kaon condensation in the CFL phase of dense quark matter.…
Spontaneous breaking of local Lorentz symmetry occurs when a local vector or tensor field acquires a nonzero vacuum expectation value. The effects of such breaking are examined in the context of gravity theory. These include an associated…
At the TeV scale, heavy quarks, for example the 4th generation quarks of the Standard Model with four generations, can form condensates which dynamically break the electroweak symmetry. A dense quark system may form other types of…
Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) is a phenomenon featuring in various quantum gravity models whereby Lorentz symmetry is broken at high energies, potentially impacting the behaviour of particles and their interactions. Here we investigate…
We investigate a class of theories involving a symmetric two-tensor field in Minkowski spacetime with a potential triggering spontaneous violation of Lorentz symmetry. The resulting massless Nambu-Goldstone modes are shown to obey the…