Related papers: Cuscuton: A Causal Field Theory with an Infinite S…
In a companion paper (hep-th/0609150), we have introduced a model of scalar field dark energy, Cuscuton, which can be realized as the incompressible (or infinite speed of sound) limit of a k-essence fluid. In this paper, we study how…
The result from the SN1a projects suggest that the dark energy can be represented by a fluid with w<-1. However, it is commonly argued that a fluid with |w|>1 contradicts causality. Here, we will show that a fluid with |w|>1 does not…
Dark Energy is some of the weirdest and most mysterious stuff in the universe that tends to increase the rate of expansion of the universe. Two commonly known forms of dark energy are the cosmological constant, a constant energy density…
Late-time cosmology in the extended cuscuton theory is studied, in which gravity is modified while one still has no extra dynamical degrees of freedom other than two tensor modes. We present a simple example admitting analytic solutions for…
We investigate the possibility of replacing the cosmological constant with gradual condensation of a scalar field produced during the decay of a superheavy dark matter. The advantage of this class of models to the ordinary quintessence is…
Considering the general Lagrangian of k-essence models, we study and classify them through variables connected to the fluid equation of state parameter w_\kappa. This allows to find solutions around which the scalar field describes a…
We explore the cosmic evolution of a scalar field with the kinetic term coupled to the Einstein tensor. We find that, in the absence of other matter sources or in the presence of only pressureless matter, the scalar behaves as pressureless…
The cuscuton is a scalar field with infinite speed of propagation. It was introduced in the context of cosmology but it has also been claimed to resemble Horava gravity in a certain limit. Here we revisit the cuscuton theory as a…
Cuscuton field theory is an extension of general relativity that does not introduce additional propagating degrees of freedom, or violate relativistic causality. We construct a general geometric description of the cuscuton field theory by…
Cuscuton Gravity is characterized as a scalar field that can be added to general relativity without introducing any new dynamical degrees of freedom on a cosmological background. Yet, it modifies gravity such that spacetime singularities…
Dark energy can be characterized by a canonical scalar field, known as quintessence. Quintessence allows for a dynamical equation of state $-1 \le \omega \le -\frac{1}{3}$. A previous study by Oikonomou and Chatzarakis have shown that a…
Among single-field scalar-tensor theories, there is a special class called "cuscuton," which is represented as some limiting case of k-essence in general relativity. This theory has a remarkable feature that the number of propagating…
The evolution of scalar linear perturbations is studied in gauge-invariant approach for 2-component models with nonrelativistic matter and minimally coupled scalar fields, the potentials of which were constructed for either constant dark…
Finding effective theories of modified gravity that can resolve cosmological singularities and avoid other physical pathologies such as ghost and gradient instabilities has turned out to be a rather difficult task. The concept of limiting…
The scalar-vector-tensor theories with second-order equations of motion can accommodate both Horndeski and generalized Proca theories as specific cases. In the presence of a perfect fluid, we study the cosmology in such a most general…
Generalised axion-like scalar fields provide a well-motivated framework for describing the late-time acceleration of the Universe. As the field evolves, it rolls down its potential and, depending on its mass and initial conditions, it may…
We present a new mechanism for cosmic acceleration consisting of a scalar field coupled to a triplet of classical U(1) gauge fields. The gauge fields are arranged in a homogeneous, isotropic configuration, with both electric- and…
The discovery of cosmic acceleration motivated extensive studies of dynamical dark energy and modified gravity models. Of particular interest are the scalar-tensor theories, with a scalar field dark energy non-minimally coupled to matter.…
The cuscuton was introduced in the context of cosmology as a field with infinite speed of propagation. It has been claimed to resemble Ho\v{r}ava gravity in a certain limit, and it is a good candidate for an ether theory in which a…
We consider a particular k-essence scalar field model for the late-time cosmic acceleration in which the sound speed, parametrized as $c_s$ is constant. We compute the relevant background and perturbation quantities corresponding to the…