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Related papers: The null energy condition and instability

200 papers

A scalar model of wet active matter in the presence of an imposed temperature gradient, or chemical potential gradient, is considered. It is shown that there is a convective instability driven by a (negative) activity parameter. In this…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-03-06 T. R. Kirkpatrick , J. K. Bhattacherjee

Null Energy Condition (NEC) requires the equation of state (EoS) of the universe $w_u$ satisfy $w_u\geq-1$, which implies, for instance in a universe with matter and dark energy dominating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-10-28 Taotao Qiu , Yi-Fu Cai , Xin-Min Zhang

We demonstrate that the thermodynamics of a perfect fluid describing baryonic matter can, in certain limits, lead to an equation of state similar to that of dark energy. We keep the cosmic fluid equation of state quite general by just…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-26 Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos , Giovanni Acquaviva , Charalampos Markakis

Dark energy with the usually used equation of state $p=w\rho$, where $w=const<0$ is hydrodynamically unstable. To overcome this drawback we consider the cosmology of a perfect fluid with a linear equation of state of a more general form…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 E. Babichev , V. Dokuchaev , Yu. Eroshenko

In the present work, we have made an attempt to investigate the dark energy possibility from the thermodynamical point of view. For this purpose, we have studied thermodynamic stability of three popular dark energy models in the framework…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-18 Abdulla Al Mamon , Pritikana Bhandari , Subenoy Chakraborty

This paper investigates a newly proposed fluid description of dark energy within the framework of the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe. Our primary objective is to explore the theoretical foundation of the proposed equation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-11 Tamal Mukhopadhyay , Banadipa Chakraborty , Ujjal Debnath , Anirudh Pradhan

We study in this paper the perturbations of the quintom dark energy model and the effects of quintom perturbations on the current observations. Quintom describes a scenario of dark energy where the equation of state gets across the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Gong-Bo Zhao , Jun-Qing Xia , Mingzhe Li , Bo Feng , Xinmin Zhang

Current constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameter, $w$, are expected to be improved by more than one order of magnitude in the next decade. If $|w-1| \gsim 0.01$ around the present time, but the dark energy dynamics is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 P. P. Avelino , A. M. M. Trindade , P. T. P. Viana

Motivated by recent work on consistent fluid couplings in $f(R, T)$ gravity, we study cosmology in the nontrivial model $f(R, T) = R + \sigma R T$ using the Brown variational principle for a barotropic perfect fluid. For a flat FLRW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-15 Davide Batic , Christian G. Boehmer , Denys Dutykh

The present paper examines the validity of energy bounds in a modified theory of gravity involving non-minimal coupling of torsion scalar and perfect fluid matter. In this respect, we formulate the general inequalities of energy conditions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-11 M. Zubair , Saira Waheed

In this paper we show that a \emph{one-to-one} correspondence exists between any dark energy model and an equivalent (from a cosmological point of view, in the absence of perturbations) quartessence model in which dark matter and dark…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. M. G. Beca , P. P. Avelino

We derive the classical null energy condition, understood as a constraint on the Ricci tensor, from the second law of thermodynamics applied locally to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy associated with patches of null congruences. The derivation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-05-10 Maulik Parikh , Andrew Svesko

It is shown that the vacuum condensate induced by many phenomena behaves as a perfect fluid which, under particular conditions, has zero or negative pressure. In particular, the condensates of thermal states, of fields in curved space and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-10-28 Antonio Capolupo

We clarify the role of the oft-misunderstood Null Energy Condition (NEC) in the context of the current cosmological data. In particular, the NEC implies the sum of the total energy density and pressure satisfies $\rho_{tot}+P_{tot} \ge 0$;…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Robert R. Caldwell , Eric V. Linder

In this paper we have investigated the limits imposed by thermodynamics on a dark energy fluid. We have obtained the heat capacities and the compressibilities for a dark energy fluid. The thermal and mechanical stabilities require these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-02 Edésio M. Barboza , Rafael C. Nunes , Éverton M. C. Abreu , Jorge Ananias Neto

We discuss an instability in a large class of models where dark energy is coupled to matter. In these models the mass of the scalar field is much larger than the expansion rate of the Universe. We find models in which this instability is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Manoj Kaplinghat , Arvind Rajaraman

We present a novel source of dark energy, which is motivated by the prevalence of hidden sectors in string theory models and is consistent with all of the proposed swampland conjectures. Thermal effects hold a light hidden sector scalar at…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 Edward Hardy , Susha Parameswaran

We revisit the paradigm of unified dark energy discussing in detail the averaging problem in this type of scenarios, highlighting the need for a full non-linear treatment. We also address the question of if and how models with one or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 P. P. Avelino , L. M. G. beça , C. J. A. P. Martins

By way of a complete integration of the Friedmann equations, in terms of observables, it is shown that for the cosmological constant $\Lambda > 0$ there exist non-flat FLRW models for which the total density parameter $\Omega$ remains $\sim…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kayll Lake

The universe content is considered as a non-perfect fluid with bulk viscosity and can be described by a general equation of state (endowed some deviation from the conventionally assumed cosmic perfect fluid model). An explicitly bulk…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-16 X H Meng , X Dou