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Related papers: Vacuum Fluctuations and the Cosmological Constant

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In linearized quantum gravity, a shift of the average energy-momentum can be compensated by a shift of the average gravitational field. This allows a renormalization scheme that naturally removes the contribution of quantum vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-08-28 H. Nikolic

The cosmological constant problem is explained by a theory based on the discrete space-time hypothesis. The calculated cosmological constant value is of the order of 10^-52[m]^-2 or equivalent to about 0.7 of the critical mass density. It…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. M. Mok

We argue that the combination of the principles of quantum theory and general relativity allow for a dynamical energy-momentum space. We discuss the freezing of vacuum energy in such a dynamical energy-momentum space and present a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-09 Lay Nam Chang , Djordje Minic , Tatsu Takeuchi

In this work we suggest, without detailed mathematical analysis, a hypothesis on the physical meaning of cosmological constant. It is primarily based on a conceptual analogy with energy characteristics of the crystal lattice structure, i.e.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-04-16 Vladan Pankovic , Rade Glavatovic , Simo Ciganovic

Physicists have speculated about the properties of the quantum vacuum for at least 85 years; however, only recently have they understood the quantum vacuum sufficiently well to begin making testable predictions. Specifically, using…

General Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 G. B. Mainland , Bernard Mulligan

I describe an approach which relates classical gravity to the quantum microstructure of spacetime. In this approach, the field equations arise from maximizing the density of states of the matter plus geometry. The former is identified using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-22 Thanu Padmanabhan

It is well-known that quantum field theory (QFT) induces a huge value of the cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, which is outrageously inconsistent with cosmological observations. We review here some aspects of this fundamental theoretical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-19 Joan Sola Peracaula

We propose that the solution to the cosmological vacuum energy puzzle may come from the infrared sector of the effective theory of gravity, where the impact of the trace anomaly is of upmost relevance. We proceed by introducing two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-08-12 Evan C. Thomas , Federico R. Urban , Ariel R. Zhitnitsky

Under the hypothesis that the cosmological constant vanishes in the true ground state with lowest possible energy density, we argue that the observed small but finite vacuum-like energy density can be explained if we consider a theory with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Jun'ichi Yokoyama

We abandon the interpretation that time is a global parameter in quantum mechanics, replace it by a quantum dynamical variable playing the role of time. This operational re-interpretation of time provides a solution to the cosmological…

General Physics · Physics 2014-05-15 M. J. Luo

Shortly the vacuum component of the Universe from the geometry point of view and from the point of view of the standard model of physics of elementary particles is discussed. Some arguments are given to the calculated value of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-15 V. Burdyuzha , G. Vereshkov

Under the assumption that the cosmological constant vanishes in the true ground state with lowest possible energy density, we argue that the observed small but finite vacuum-like energy density can be explained if we consider a theory with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jun'ichi Yokoyama

For almost a century, the cosmological constant has been a mysterious object, in relation to both its origin and its very small value. By using a Bose-Einstein condensate analogue model for gravitational dynamics, we address here the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-25 Stefano Finazzi , Stefano Liberati , Lorenzo Sindoni

We point out that the standard formulation of the cosmological constant problem itself is problematic since it is trying to apply the very large scale homogeneous cosmological model to very small (Planck) scale phenomenon. At small scales,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-05 Qingdi Wang , William G. Unruh

After a short history of the $\Lambda$-term it is explained why the (effective) cosmological constant is expected to obtain contributions from short-distance physics, corresponding to an energy at least as large as the Fermi scale. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Straumann

The cosmological constant problem is examined under the assumption that the extrinsic curvature of the space-time contributes to the vacuum. A compensation mechanism based on a variable cosmological term is proposed. Under a suitable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 M. D. Maia , G. S. Silva

This is an essay sketching the line of thinking which has led the present author to propose the constituent or atomic model of gravitation more than a decade ago. It turns out that viewing the problem of gravitation as a quantum many body…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-19 Pawel O. Mazur

One hope to solve the cosmological constant problem is to identify a symmetry principle, based on which the cosmological constant can be reduced either to zero, or to a tiny value. Here, we note that requiring that the vacuum state is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-01 Jurjen F. Koksma , Tomislav Prokopec

This is a review of the physics and cosmology of the cosmological constant. Focusing on recent developments, I present a pedagogical overview of cosmology in the presence of a cosmological constant, observational constraints on its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Sean M. Carroll

The idea that the cosmological term, Lambda, should be a time dependent quantity in cosmology is a most natural one. It is difficult to conceive an expanding universe with a strictly constant vacuum energy density, namely one that has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-18 Joan Sola