Related papers: Exotic Fluids Made of Open Strings

The main goal of this paper is to reach an explicit formulation and possible interpretation of thermodynamic length in a thermodynamic state space with two degrees of freedom. Using the energy and entropy metric in a general form, we get…

In this note, we construct simple stochastic toy models for holographic gauge theories in which distributions of energy on a collection of sites evolve by a master equation with some specified transition rates. We build in only energy…

We consider an isolated system in an arbitrary state and provide a general formulation using first principles for an additive and non-negative statistical quantity that is shown to reproduce the equilibrium thermodynamic entropy of the…

We analyze the equilibrium space of an ideal gas using the formalism of geometrothermodynamics. We introduce the concept of thermodynamic geodesics to show that the equilibrium space around a particular initial state can be divided into two…

Recently the formation of an expanding universe from the (1+3+6)-dimensional space-times has been proposed on the basis of super-string theory. The serious entropy problem must be solved for it to be realistic from the cosmological…

We construct $\mathbb{Z}_N$ orbifolds of the ten-dimensional heterotic string theories appropriate for implementing the stringy replica method for the calculation of quantum entanglement entropy. A novel feature for the heterotic string is…

In previous works, ratios among four-point scattering amplitudes at the leading order in the high-energy limit were derived for the bosonic open string theory. The derivation was based on Ward identities derived from the decoupling of…

Entropy in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics is investigated theoretically so as to extend the well-established equilibrium framework to open nonequilibrium systems. We first derive a microscopic expression of nonequilibrium entropy for…

In this paper, we study the entanglement entropy in string theory in the simplest setup of dividing the nine dimensional space into two halves. This corresponds to the leading quantum correction to the horizon entropy in string theory on…

We calculate, using the group theoretic approach to string theory, the tree and one loop scattering of four open and closed arbitrary bosonic string states. In the limit of high energy, but fixed angle, the multi-string vertex at tree and…

Entropy is a quantity for counting physical degrees of freedom in a system. At a finite temperature, one can use thermal entropy to study thermodynamical properties. At zero temperature, entanglement entropy is expected to provide a…

Comparison of the thermodynamic entropy with Boltzmann's principle shows that under conditions of constant volume the total number of arrangements in simple thermodynamic systems with temperature-independent heat capacities is TC/k. A…

We study the non-critical space-time non-commutative open string (NCOS) theory using a dual supergravity description in terms of a certain near-horizon limit of the F1-Dp bound state. We find the thermodynamics of NCOS theory from…

We discuss alternative homogeneous electron gas systems in which a finite number $n$ of electrons are confined to a $D$-dimensional sphere. We derive the first few terms of the high-density ($r_s\to0$, where $r_s$ is the Seitz radius)…

It is well established that the brain spontaneously traverses through a very large number of states. Nevertheless, despite its relevance to understanding brain function, a formal description of this phenomenon is still lacking. To this end,…

The shallow water flow model is widely used to describe water flows in rivers, lakes, and coastal areas. Accounting for uncertainty in the corresponding transport-dominated nonlinear PDE models presents theoretical and numerical challenges…

Some of the extremal black hole solutions in string theory have the same quantum numbers as the Bogomol'nyi saturated elementary string states. We explore the possibility that these black holes can be identified to elementary string…

We consider large-N confining gauge theories with a Hagedorn density of states. In such theories the potential between a pair of colour-singlet sources may diverge at a critical distance r_c = 1/ T_H. We consider, in particular, pure N=1…

We present a critical review and summary of String Gas Cosmology. We include a pedagogical derivation of the effective action starting from string theory, emphasizing the necessary approximations that must be invoked. Working in the…

We show that the high temperature limits of the heterotic E8xE8 and Spin(32)/Z2 strings and their Type I A/B superstring duals are finite and convergent. The Hagedorn growth of the degeneracies in the string mass level expansion is…