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In this review article, we review the recent developments in constructing string field theories that have been proposed, all of which correctly reproduce the correlation functions of two-dimensional string theory. These include: (a) free…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Michio Kaku

We study representations of the Schr\"odinger algebra in terms of operators in nonrelativistic conformal field theories. We prove a correspondence between primary operators and eigenstates of few-body systems in a harmonic potential. Using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Yusuke Nishida , Dam T. Son

The theory of a massless two-dimensional scalar field with a periodic boundary interaction is considered. At a critical value of the period this system defines a conformal field theory and can be re-expressed in terms of free fermions,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-09 J. Polchinski , L. Thorlacius

A universal symmetric truncation of the bosonic string Hilbert space yields all known closed fermionic string theories in ten dimensions, their D-branes and their open descendants. We highlight the crucial role played by group theory and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-28 Auttakit Chattaraputi , Francois Englert , Laurent Houart , Anne Taormina

We reconsider the issue of embedding space-time fermions into the four-dimensional N=2 world-sheet supersymmetric string. A new heterotic theory is constructed, taking the right-movers from the N=4 topological extension of the conventional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Stefano Bellucci , Anton Galajinsky , Olaf Lechtenfeld

We construct a string field theory for c=1 noncritical strings using the loop variables as the string field. We show how one can express the nonrelativistic free fermions which describes the theory, in terms of these string fields.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 N. Ishibashi , A. Yamaguchi

We study possible backgrounds of 2D string theory using its equivalence with a system of fermions in upside-down harmonic potential. Each background corresponds to a certain profile of the Fermi sea, which can be considered as a deformation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 Sergei Yu. Alexandrov , Vladimir A. Kazakov , Ivan K. Kostov

We derive an exact operator bosonization of a finite number of fermions in one space dimension. The fermions can be interacting or noninteracting and can have an arbitrary hamiltonian, as long as there is a countable basis of states in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Avinash Dhar , Gautam Mandal , Nemani V Suryanarayana

This chapter is an introduction to the Free Fermionic Formulation of String Theory, with emphasis on heterotic model building. After a brief review of bosonization in two dimensional conformal field theories, we discuss how internal bosonic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-27 Ioannis Florakis , John Rizos

Redefining the vacuum state of a free two-fold $N=1$ covariant supersymmetric string action as the one with all the excited states of world-sheet fermions occupied, makes the theory anomaly free in (3+1)+4 dimensions. While in the $NS$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-23 J. S. Bhattacharyya

As of today there exist consistent, gauge-invariant string field theories describing all string theories: bosonic open and closed strings, open superstrings, heterotic strings and type II strings. The construction of these theories require…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-21 Ashoke Sen , Barton Zwiebach

We consider unstable D0-branes of two dimensional string theory, described by the boundary state of Zamolodchikov and Zamolodchikov [hep-th/0101152] multiplied by the Neumann boundary state for the time coordinate $t$. In the dual…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Igor R. Klebanov , Juan Maldacena , Nathan Seiberg

We generalize the Jackiw-Rebbi-Hasenfratz-'t Hooft construction of fermions from bosons to demonstrate the fermionic nature of certain bound states involving SU(N) instantons in even spatial dimensions and SO(N) instantons in $8k+1$ spatial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Justin R. David , Shiraz Minwalla , Carlos Nunez

Two-dimensional fermionic string theory is shown to have a structure of topological model, which is isomorphic to a tensor product of two topological ghost systems independent of each other. One of them is identified with $c=1$ bosonic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Hiroshi Ishikawa

We construct the Hamiltonian operator of the string field theory for $c=0$ string theory. It describes how strings evolve in the coordinate frame, which is defined by using the geodesic distance on the worldsheet. The Hamiltonian consists…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Nobuyuki Ishibashi , Hikaru Kawai

In these notes we explain how the CFT description of random matrix models can be used to perform actual calculations. Our basic example is the hermitian matrix model, reformulated as a conformal invariant theory of free fermions. We give an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Ivan K. Kostov

A collective field formalism for nonrelativistic fermions in (1+1) dimensions is presented. Applications to the D=1 hermitian matrix model and the system of one-dimensional fermions in the presence of a weak electromagnetic field are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Dimitra Karabali

We construct the string field Hamiltonian for $c=1-\frac{6}{m(m+1)}$ string theory in the temporal gauge. In order to do so, we first examine the Schwinger-Dyson equations of the matrix chain models and propose the continuum version of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 M. Ikehara , N. Ishibashi , H. kawai , T. Mogami , R. Nakayama , N. Sasakura

We construct Witten-type string field theory vertices for a fermionic first order system with conformal weights (0,1) in the operator formulation using delta-function overlap conditions as well as the Neumann function method. The identity,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Alexander Kling , Sebastian Uhlmann

String field theory is a candidate for a full non-perturbative definition of string theory. We aim to define string field theory on a space-time lattice to investigate its behaviour at the quantum level. Specifically, we look at string…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2010-12-23 Francis Bursa , Michael Kroyter
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