Related papers: About Entropy Dependence on Observer
We use the general statement of the second law applied to an isolated system, the glass in an extremely large medium, to prove that the entropy of the glass must decrease with time during its relaxation towards the supercooled liquid state.…
A general upper bound for topological entropy of switched nonlinear systems is constructed, using an asymptotic average of upper limits of the matrix measures of Jacobian matrices of strongly persistent individual modes, weighted by their…
Modes of physical fields which are located inside a horizon and which cannot be observed by a distant observer are identified with dynamical degrees of freedom of a black hole. A new invariant statistical mechanical definition of a…
Comparison-based algorithms are algorithms for which the execution of each operation is solely based on the outcome of a series of comparisons between elements. Comparison-based computations can be naturally represented via the following…
Biological and engineered systems operate by coupling function to the transfer of heat and/or particles down a thermal or chemical gradient. In idealized \textit{deterministically} driven systems, thermodynamic control can be exerted…
Certain thermal non-equilibrium situations, outside of the astrophysical realm, suggest that entropy production extrema, instead of entropy extrema, are related to stationary states. In an effort to better understand the evolution of…
Observational entropy provides a general notion of quantum entropy that appropriately interpolates between Boltzmann's and Gibbs' entropies, and has recently been argued to provide a useful measure of out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic…
Entropy arises in strong interactions by a dynamical separation of ``partons'' from unobservable ``environment'' modes due to confinement. For interacting scalar fields we calculate the statistical entropy of the observable subsystem.…
A scalar field in the ground state, when partially hidden from observation by a spherical boundary, acquires entanglement entropy $S$ proportional to the area of the surface. This area law is well established in flat space, where it follows…
We partially generalize Peters' formula on modules over the group ring ${\mathbb F} \Gamma$ for a given finite field ${\mathbb F}$ and a sofic group $\Gamma$. It is also discussed that how the values of entropy are related to the zero…
We evaluate entropy production in a photovoltaic cell that is modeled by four electronic levels resonantly coupled to thermally populated field modes at different temperatures. We use a formalism recently proposed, the so-called multiple…
The evolution of entropy is derived with respect to dynamical systems. For a stochastic system, its relative entropy $D$ evolves in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics; its absolute entropy $H$ may also be so, provided that the…
There are three ways to conceptualize entropy: entropy as an extensive thermodynamic quantity of physical systems (Clausius, Boltzmann, Gibbs), entropy as a measure for information production of ergodic sources (Shannon), and entropy as a…
A large-scale smoothed-out model of the universe ignores small-scale inhomogeneities, but the averaged effects of those inhomogeneities may alter both observational and dynamical relations at the larger scale. This article discusses these…
We propose and axiomatize preferences on a product state space in light of uncertainty regarding the dependency of different payoff-relevant factors. Dependence structures allow to decompose probabilities and allow to pin down behavior…
Structural independence is the (conditional) independence that arises from the structure rather than the precise numerical values of a distribution. We develop this concept and relate it to $d$-separation and structural causal models.…
We revisit the maximum-entropy inference of the state of a finite-level quantum system under linear constraints. The constraints are specified by the expected values of a set of fixed observables. We point out the existence of…
Entropy is one of the most fundamental quantities in physics. For systems with few degrees of freedom, the value of entropy provides a powerful insight into its microscopic dynamics, such as the number, degeneracy and relative energies of…
We define and study a relative free entropy quantity, analogous in its properties to Voiculescu's relative free entropy Chi^*(...:B). Our definition uses matricial microstates, unlike his definition, which involves non-commutative Hilbert…
The probability distribution of the total entropy production in the non-equilibrium steady state follows a symmetry relation called the fluctuation theorem. When a certain part of the system is masked or hidden, it is difficult to infer the…