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Influence theory is a foundational theory of physics that is not based on traditional empirically defined concepts, such as positions in space and time, mass, energy, or momentum. Instead, the aim is to derive these concepts, and their…

General Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Kevin H. Knuth , James L. Walsh

Spin foam models for quantum gravity are derived from lattice path integrals. The setting involves variables from both lattice BF theory and Regge calculus. The action consists in a Regge action, which depends on areas, dihedral angles and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Valentin Bonzom

We give a short review of the spin foam models of quantum gravity, with an emphasis on the Barret-Crane model. After explaining the shortcomings of the Barret-Crane model, we briefly discuss two new approaches, one based on the 3d spin foam…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 A. Mikovic

Plasma physics give an example of physical system of particles with the long range interaction. At small velocity of particles we can consider the plasma approximately as a system of particles with the Coulomb interaction. The Coulomb…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-04-10 P. A. Andreev

This article reviews the present status of the spin foam approach to the quantization of gravity. Special attention is payed to the pedagogical presentation of the recently introduced new models for four dimensional quantum gravity. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-05 Alejandro Perez

The metric field of general relativity is almost fully determined by its causal structure. Yet, in spin-foam models for quantum gravity, the role played by the causal structure is still largely unexplored. The goal of this paper is to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 Eugenio Bianchi , Pierre Martin-Dussaud

General relativity uses curved space-time to describe accelerating frames. The movement of particles in different curved space-times can be regarded as equivalent physical processes based on the covariant transformation between different…

Optics · Physics 2018-10-24 Fan Zhong , Jensen Li , Hui Liu , Shining Zhu

The Standard Model of particle physics and the theory of General Relativity (GR) currently provide a good description of almost all phenomena of particle physics and gravitation that have received controlled experimental tests. However, the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Thomas Dent

The formalism of classical particle dynamics is reinvestigated according to the basic requirement of causal consistency, and a new equation of particle dynamics, which is more general and more in line with classical mechanics experiments…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-03 ChiYi Chen

Radical revision on the conventional spacetime picture, illusion or emergent phenomenon, has been the focus of the speculations on the unified frameworks for fundamental interactions in nature. Compared to strong experimental credence to…

General Physics · Physics 2019-11-26 S C Tiwari

It has been shown in [1] that a class of restricted spin foam models can feature a reduced spectral dimension of space-time. However, it is still an open question how curvature affects the flow of the spectral dimension. To answer this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-18 Alexander Jercher , Sebastian Steinhaus , Johannes Thürigen

We propose a new systematic approach that allows one to derive the spin foam (state sum) model of a theory starting from the corresponding classical action functional. It can be applied to any theory whose action can be written as that of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Laurent Freidel , Kirill Krasnov

We give a brief and a critical review of the Barret-Crane spin foam models of quantum gravity. Then we describe two new spin foam models which are obtained by direct quantization of General Relativity and do not have some of the drawbacks…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-01-16 A. Mikovic

The fundamental interactions of nature, the electroweak and the quantum chromodynamics, are described in the Standard Model by the Gauge Theory under internal symmetries that maintain the invariance of the functional action. The fundamental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-21 Wytler Cordeiro dos Santos

We consider quantum transition amplitudes, partition functions and observables for 3D spin foam models within $SU(2)$ quantum group deformation symmetry, where the deformation parameter is a complex fifth root of unity. By considering…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-13 Marcelo Amaral , Raymond Aschheim , Klee Irwin

A General Theory of the Standard Model (GSM) is built in a spin-related gravigauge spacetime, based on the conformal inhomogeneous spin gauge symmetry WS$_c$(1,3)=SP(1,3)$\rtimes$W$^{1,3}$$\rtimes$SP$_c$(1,1) and the scaling gauge symmetry…

General Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Yue-Liang Wu

In this article we give a systematic definition of the recently introduced spin foam models for four dimensional quantum gravity reviewing the main results on their semiclassical limit on fixed discretizations.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-07 Alejandro Perez

A unified description of all interactions could be based on a higher-dimensional theory involving only spinor fields. The metric arises as a composite object and the gravitational field equations contain torsion-corrections as compared to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-02-20 A. Hebecker , C. Wetterich

The simplicial framework of Engle-Pereira-Rovelli-Livine spin-foam models is generalized to match the diffeomorphism invariant framework of loop quantum gravity. The simplicial spin-foams are generalized to arbitrary linear 2-cell…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-13 Wojciech Kamiński , Marcin Kisielowski , Jerzy Lewandowski

We present a spin foam formulation of Lorentzian quantum General Relativity. The theory is based on a simple generalization of an Euclidean model defined in terms of a field theory over a group. Its vertex amplitude turns out to be the one…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-31 Alejandro Perez , Carlo Rovelli