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Two approaches to the study of cosmological density perturbations in modified theories of Palatini gravity have recently been discussed. These utilise, respectively, a generalisation of Birkhoff's theorem and a direct linearization of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-10-27 Kotub Uddin , James E Lidsey , Reza Tavakol

Palatini $f(R)$ gravity is probably the simplest extension of general relativity (GR) and the simplest realization of a metric-affine theory. It has the same number of degrees of freedom as GR and, in vacuum, it is straightforwardly mapped…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-10 Alejandro Hernandez-Arboleda , Davi C. Rodrigues , Júnior D. Toniato , Aneta Wojnar

The evidence of the acceleration of universe at present time has lead to investigate modified theories of gravity and alternative theories of gravity, which are able to explain acceleration from a theoretical viewpoint without the need of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-05-05 Gianluca Allemandi , Andrzej Borowiec , Mauro Francaviglia

We show that, within modified gravity, the non-linear nature of the field equations implies that the usual naive averaging procedure (replacing the microscopic energy-momentum by its cosmological average) is invalid. We discuss then how the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Baojiu Li , David F. Mota , Douglas J. Shaw

Cosmology in extended theories of gravity is considered assuming the Palatini variational principle, for which the metric and connection are independent variables. The field equations are derived to linear order in perturbations about the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Tomi Koivisto , Hannu Kurki-Suonio

We establish a well-posedness theory for the f(R) theory of modified gravity, which is a generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation. The scalar curvature R of the spacetime, which arises in the integrand of the Einstein-Hilbert…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-12-30 Philippe G. LeFloch , Yue Ma

A new class of modified theories of gravity, consisting of the superposition of the metric Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian with an $f(\cal R)$ term constructed \`{a} la Palatini was proposed recently. The dynamically equivalent scalar-tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-05 Salvatore Capozziello , Tiberiu Harko , Tomi S. Koivisto , Francisco S. N. Lobo , Gonzalo J. Olmo

We investigate the viability of f(R) theories in the framework of the Palatini approach as solutions to the problem of the observed accelerated expansion of the universe. Two physically motivated popular choices for f(R) are considered:…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Capozziello , V. F. Cardone , M. Francaviglia

The starting point of this work is the original Einstein action, sometimes called the Gamma squared action. Continuing from our previous results, we study various modified theories of gravity following the Palatini approach. The metric and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-29 Christian G. Boehmer , Erik Jensko

We introduce a new approach to modified gravity which generalizes the recently proposed hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. The gravitational action is taken to depend on a general function of both the metric and Palatini curvature scalars. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-09 Nicola Tamanini , Christian G. Boehmer

We study the present, flat isotropic universe in 1/R-modified gravity. We use the Palatini (metric-affine) variational principle and the Einstein (metric-compatible connected) conformal frame. We show that the energy density scaling…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Nikodem J. Poplawski

We make a detailed study of matter density perturbations in both metric and Palatini formalisms in theories whose Lagrangian density is a general function, f(R), of the Ricci scalar. We derive these equations in a number of gauges. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Shinji Tsujikawa , Kotub Uddin , Reza Tavakol

This thesis is devoted to the study of gravitational theories which can be seen as modifications or generalisations of General Relativity. The motivation for considering such theories, stemming from Cosmology, High Energy Physics and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-10 Thomas P. Sotiriou

We investigate the modified gravity theories in terms of the effective dark energy models. We compare the cosmic expansion history and the linear growth in different models. We also study the evolution of linear cosmological perturbations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Seokcheon Lee

Under conformal transformation, f(R) theory of gravity in Palatini formalism leads to a Brans-Dicke type of scalar-tensor equivalent theory with a wrong sign in the effective kinetic energy term. This means, the effective scalar acts as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-15 Manas Chakrabortty , Nayem Sk , Abhik Kumar Sanyal

We study the field equations of modified theories of gravity in which the lagrangian is a general function of the Ricci scalar and Ricci-squared terms in Palatini formalism. We show that the independent connection can be expressed as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-01 Gonzalo J. Olmo , Helios Sanchis-Alepuz , Swapnil Tripathi

Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity unifies the metric and Palatini formalisms while preserving a propagating scalar degree of freedom, offering a compelling route to modified gravity consistent with current observations. Motivated by this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-26 David S. Pereira , Salvatore Capozziello , Francisco S. N Lobo , José Pedro Mimoso

Starting from an heuristic approach to the semiclassical limit in loop quantum gravity, the construction of effective Hamiltonians describing Planck length corrections to the propagation of photons and spin 1/2 fermions, leading to modified…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-11-09 Luis F. Urrutia

We extend the formalism of the Einstein-Hilbert unimodular gravity in the context of modified $F(R)$ gravity. After appropriately modifying the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric in a way that it becomes compatible to the unimodular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-01 S. Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou

Massive spin-1/2 fields are studied in the framework of loop quantum gravity by considering a state approximating, at a length scale $\cal L$ much greater than Planck length $\ell_P=1.2\times 10^{-33}$cm, a spin-1/2 field in flat spacetime.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-05 Jorge Alfaro , Hugo A. Morales-Tecotl , Luis F. Urrutia