Related papers: Inversion of the Photon Number Integral
The study of the number of photons leads to a new way of characterizing curves and to a novel integral invariant over curves.
We describe an apparent puzzle in classical electrodynamics and its resolution. It is concerned with the Lorentz invariance of the classical analog of the number of photons.
A shift-invariant space is a space of functions that is invariant under integer translations. Such spaces are often used as models for spaces of signals and images in mathematical and engineering applications. This paper characterizes those…
A Lorentz invariant positive definite expression for photon number density is derived as the absolute square of the invariant scalar product of a polarization sensitive position eigenvector and the photon wave function. It is found that…
The number of inversions is a statistic on permutation groups measuring the degree to which the entries of a permutation are out of order. We provide a generalization of that statistic by introducing the statistic number of pseudoinversions…
Affine transformations in Euclidean space generates a correspondence between integrable systems on cotangent bundles to the sphere, ellipsoid and hyperboloid embedded in $R^n$. Using this correspondence and the suitable coupling constant…
A certain real number, depending on two neighbouring sides of a quadrilateral and the diagonal meeting these two sides at their common point, is shown to be invariant under affinity. As an application we demonstrate a nice formula for the…
We experimentally analyze the complete photon number statistics of parametric downconversion and ascertain the influence of multimode effects. Our results clearly reveal a difference between single mode theoretical description and the…
The light front densities of momentum, angular momentum, and intrinsic pressure are calculated for the photon, both in the free case and at leading order in quantum electrodynamics. In the latter case, we moreover decompose the form factors…
We second quantize the Fermi Lagrangian in the Lorenz gauge to obtain a covariant theory of photon quantum mechanics. Number density is real so it is interpreted as position probability density. The Hilbert space is the vector space of…
Having in mind that physical systems have different levels of structure we develop the concept of external, internal and total improper Lorentz transformation (space inversion and time reversal). A particle obtained from the ordinary one by…
Invariants withstand transformations and, therefore, represent the essence of objects or phenomena. In mathematics, transformations often constitute a group action. Since the 19th century, studying the structure of various types of…
This paper introduces a notion of decompositions of integral varifolds into countably many integral varifolds, and the existence of such decomposition of integral varifolds whose first variation is representable by integration is…
We study Fourier theory on quantum Euclidean space. A modified version of the general definition of the Fourier transform on a quantum space is used and its inverse is constructed. The Fourier transforms can be defined by their Bochner's…
The paper is devoted to study the inversion of the integral transform $$(\mbox{\boldmath$H$}f)(x)=\int^\infty_0H^{m,n}_{\thinspace p,q} \left[xt\left|\begin{array}{c}(a_i,\alpha_i)_{1,p}\\[1mm](b_j,\beta_j)_{1,q}…
The paper deals with kinematic conditions for the inverse Compton scattering of photons by relativistic electrons and the polarizations of the colliding particles, which affect the value of the differential cross section of the process. A…
An inverse Doppler shift occurs in a photonic crystal (PC) bounded by a moving wall. The interpretation of this result has stirred some controversy. In this paper, we address the problem using a diagrammatic approach. This visual…
Multi-photon interference reveals strictly non-classical phenomena. Its applications range from fundamental tests of quantum mechanics to photonic quantum information processing, where a significant fraction of key experiments achieved so…
The invariant is one of central topics in science, technology and engineering. The differential invariant is essential in understanding or describing some important phenomena or procedures in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology or…
We measure the decoherence of a spatially separated atomic superposition due to spontaneous photon scattering. We observe a qualitative change in decoherence versus separation as the number of scattered photons increases, and verify…