Related papers: Higher-Dimensional Quantum Hall Effect in String T…
Realization of topological insulators (TIs) and superconductors (TSCs), such as the quantum spin Hall effect and the Z_2 topological insulator, in terms of D-branes in string theory is proposed. We establish a one-to-one correspondence…
We discuss different formulations and approaches to string theory and $ 2d$ quantum gravity. The generic idea to get a unique description of {\it many} different string vacua altogether is demonstrated on the examples in $ 2d$ conformal,…
We perform a systematic analysis of the D-brane charges associated with string theory realizations of d=3 gauge theories, focusing on the examples of the N=4 supersymmetric U(N)xU(N+M) Yang-Mills theory and the N=3 supersymmetric…
We obtain a four dimensional exploding universe solution in string theory. The solution is obtained from the string theory in the flat background by using non-abelian $T$-duality and the analytic continuation. In the solution, the radius of…
After a review of exotic statistics for point particles in 3d BF theory, and especially 3d quantum gravity, we show that string-like defects in 4d BF theory obey exotic statistics governed by the 'loop braid group'. This group has a set of…
These lectures begin by reviewing the evidence for S duality of the toroidally compactified heterotic string in 4d that was obtained in the period 1992--94. Next they review recently discovered dualities that relate all five of the 10d…
We study worldsheet theory of confining strings in two-dimensional massive adjoint QCD. Similarly to confining strings in higher dimensions this theory exhibits a non-trivial $S$-matrix surviving even in the strict planar limit. In the…
The recent discovery of the 3D quantum Hall effect in $\mathrm{HfTe_5}$ has also revealed puzzling signatures of possible 3D fractionalization. Beyond the first plateau associated with the lowest Landau band, Hall conductivity exhibits a…
Dvali and Shifman have proposed a field-theoretic mechanism for localizing gauge fields to "branes" in higher dimensional spaces using confinement in a bulk gauge theory. The resulting objects have a number of qualitative features in common…
This paper explores the phenomenon of particle creation associated with cosmic strings in de Sitter spacetime, a model that represents the universe exponential expansion. We examine how the presence of cosmic strings in a de Sitter…
We explain how, starting with a stack of D4-branes ending on an NS5-brane in type IIA string theory, one can, via T-duality and the topological-holomorphic nature of the relevant worldvolume theories, relate (i) the lattice models realized…
The emerging study of fractons, a new type of quasi-particle with restricted mobility, has motivated the construction of several classes of interesting continuum quantum field theories with novel properties. One such class consists of…
Over the past decade it has become clear that fundamental strings are not the only fundamental degrees of freedom in string theory. D-branes are also part of the spectrum of fundamental states. In this paper we explore some possible effects…
We describe a class of 4d N=1 compactifications of the $SO(32)$ heterotic/type I string theory which are destabilized by nonperturbatively generated superpotentials. In the type I description, the destabilizing superpotential is generated…
Since the discovery of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in 1982 there has been considerable theoretical discussion on the possibility of fractional quantization of conductance in the absence of Landau levels formed by a quantizing…
We show that $4$-dimensional Robertson-Walker spacetimes can be constructed for which all of the beta functions vanish to leading order, yielding consistent string theory without extra dimensions. We find that there is a unique static…
We develop a Fermionic Chern-Simons (CS) theory for the fractional quantum Hall effect in monolayer graphene with SU(4) symmetry, arising from the spin and the valley degrees of freedom, which involves four distinct CS gauge fields. We…
The observed quantization of the Hall conductivity in graphene at high magnetic fields is explained as being due to the dynamically generated spatial modulation of either the electron spin or the density, as decided by the details of…
In this paper we propose a model of the fractional quantum Hall effect within conventional one-dimensional bosonization. It is shown that in this formalism the resulting bosonized fermion operator corresponding to momenta of Landau gauge…
We consider string inspired models in $D=10$ spacetime dimensions, which include couplings with 1- and 3-form fields as well as $R^4$ higher curvature corrections to the gravitational action. For such models, we explicitly construct a…