Related papers: Charged Particles: A Builder's Guide

In the framework of effective quantum field theory we address the definition of physical quantities characterizing unstable particles. With the aid of a one-loop calculation, we study this issue in terms of the charge and the magnetic…

The preheating after the inflation, which can be interpreted as particle creation in the oscillating inflaton background, provides a state far from thermal equilibrium. We extend the field theoretical treatment of the preheating by Linde et…

We obtain general bounds on scattering processes involving charged particles in 1+1 spacetime dimensions. After a general analysis we derive mostly numerical bounds on couplings in theories with $O(N)$ and $U(N)$ global symmetries. The…

The values of color and anticolor charges are proposed. The structure of gluons is predicted relative to their color and anticolor charges. It is shown that the gauge bosons of lower order theories can be used as it is for higher order…

We present a novel treatment of resonant massive particles appearing as intermediate states in high energy collisions. The approach uses effective field theory methods to treat consistently the instability of the intermediate resonant…

We study almost-forward scattering in the context of usual and non-commutative QED. We study the semi-classical behaviour of particles undergoing this scattering process in the two theories, and show that the shock wave picture, effective…

The issue of the gauge invariance of gravitational waves arises if they are produced in the early universe at second-order in perturbation theory. We address it by dividing the discussion about the gauge invariance in three parts: the…

Scattering amplitudes in quantum field theories are of widespread interest, due to a large number of theoretical and phenomenological applications. Much is known about the possible behaviour of amplitudes, that is independent of the details…

In gauge theories and gravity, field variables are generally not gauge-invariant observables, but such observables may be constructed by "dressing" these or more general operators. Dressed operators create particles, together with their…

Gauge fixing may be done in different ways. We show that using the chain structure to describe a constrained system, enables us to use either a perfect gauge, in which all gauged degrees of freedom are determined; or an imperfect gauge, in…

Schroedinger (Nature, v.169, p.538 (1952)) demonstrated that, contrary to the widespread belief, charged particles may be described by real fields. Therefore the sets of solutions with real-valued charged fields are considered in the…

Some recent results and problems in the theory of particles containing heavy quarks ar reviewed.

In this report we discuss appropriate strategies for the tracking of charged particles in the limit of zero curvature. The suggested approach avoids special treatments and precision issues that frequently arise in that limit. We provide…

We examine the behaviour of a charged particle in a two-dimensional confining potential, in the presence of a magnetic field. The confinement serves to remove the otherwise infinite degeneracy, but additional ingredients are required to…

We introduce and develop the theory of metaparticles. At the classical level, this is a world-line theory with the usual reparameterization invariance and two additional features. The theory is motivated by string theory on compact targets,…

This thesis is about conceptual aspects of gauge theories. Gauge theories lie at the heart of modern physics: in particular, they constitute the standard model of particle physics. At its simplest, the idea of gauge is that nature is best…

Many 'interesting; correlated electron materials exhibit an unusual sensitivity of measured properties to external perturbations, and in particular to imperfections in the sample being measured. It is argued that in addition to its…

Topological or deconfined phases of matter exhibit emergent gauge fields and quasiparticles that carry a corresponding gauge charge. In systems with an intrinsic conserved U(1) charge, such as all electronic systems where the Coulombic…

It is shown that gauge theories are most naturally studied via a polar decomposition of the field variable. Gauge transformations may be viewed as those that leave the density invariant but change the phase variable by additive amounts. The…

The basic principles of self-organization of one-component charged particles, confined in disk and circular parabolic potentials, are proposed. A system of equations is derived, that allows us to determine equilibrium configurations for an…