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Related papers: Why 3 + 1 metric rather than 4 + 0 or 2 + 2?

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We consider the numbers of positive and negative eigenvalues of matrices of squared distances between randomly sampled i.i.d. points in a given metric measure space. These numbers and their limits, as the number of points grows, in fact…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Alexey Kroshnin , Tianyu Ma , Eugene Stepanov

An extension of Riemmann's geometry into a direction dependent geometric structure is usually described by Finsler's geometry. Historically, this construction was motivated by the well-known Riemann's quartic length element example. Quite…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-07-06 Yakov Itin

In a previous paper with the same title, we gave an upper bound for the exponent of uniform rational approximation to a quadruple of $\mathbb{Q}$-linearly independent real numbers in geometric progression. Here, we explain why this upper…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Damien Roy

A four-dimensional differentiable manifold is given with an arbitrary linear connection $\Gamma_\alpha^\beta=\Gamma_{i\alpha}^\beta dx^i$. Megged has claimed that he can define a metric $G_{\alpha\beta}$ by means of a certain integral…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Friedrich W. Hehl , Uwe Muench

This is an article contributed to the Brill Festschrift, in honor of the 60th birthday of Prof. D.R. Brill, which will appear in the Vol.2 of the Proceedings of the International Symposia on Directions in General Relativity. In this article…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 J. H. Yoon

The Lorentzian metric structure used in any field theory allows one to implement the relativistic notion of causality and to define a notion of time dimension. This article investigates the possibility that at the microscopic level the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-04-11 Shinji Mukohyama , Jean-Philippe Uzan

Versions of M-theory are found in spacetime signatures (9,2) and (6,5), in addition to the usual M-theory in 10+1 dimensions, and these give rise to type IIA string theories in 10-dimensional spacetime signatures (10,0),(9,1),(8,2),(6,4)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 C. M. Hull

It is shown that a change in the signature of the space-time metric together with compactification of internal dimensions could occure in a six-dimensional cosmological model. We also show that this is due to interaction with Maxwell fields…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Morteza Mohseni

In the last years several papers addressed the supposed spin-1 sector of the massive Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) equation restricted to (1+1) space-time dimensions. In this note we show explicitly that this is a misleading approach, since…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-12-07 José T. Lunardi

A natural framework for real-time specification is monadic first-order logic over the structure $(\mathbb{R},<,+1)$---the ordered real line with unary $+1$ function. Our main result is that $(\mathbb{R},<,+1)$ has the 3-variable property:…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Timos Antonopoulos , Paul Hunter , Shahab Raza , James Worrell

Complex structures can only form in a universe that allows for bound states. While this is clearly observed in three-dimensions, added degrees of freedom in a higher-dimensional space preclude the immediate assumption that binding…

The necessary and sufficient conditions for a three-dimensional Riemannian metric to admit a group of isometries of dimension $r$ acting on s-dimensional orbits are obtained. These conditions are Intrinsic, Deductive, Explicit and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-01 Joan Josep Ferrando , Juan Antonio Sáez

Our conventional system of physical units is based on local or microscopic {\it dimensional} quantities which are {\it defined}, for convenience or otherwise aesthetic reasons, to be spacetime-independent. A more general choice of units may…

General Physics · Physics 2013-08-06 Meir Shimon

In this paper, we first discussed multiplicative metric mapping by giving some topological properties of the relevant multiplicative metric space. As an interesting result of our discussions, we observed that the set of positive real…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2014-10-13 Muttalip Ozavsar , Adem Cengiz Cevikel

It is often inevitable to introduce an indefinite-metric space in quantum field theory, for example, which is explained for the sake of the manifestly covariant quantization of the electromagnetic field. We show two more evident…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-11-21 Katsunori Kawamura

It is shown how in 3+3 dimensions, it is possible to have a superparticle Lagrangian that has manifest supersymmetry both on the world line and in the target space.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 D. G. C. McKeon

General considerations on the unification of A-type and B-type supersymmetries in the context of interacting p-branes strongly suggest that the signature of spacetime includes two timelike dimensions. This leads to the puzzle of how…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 Itzhak Bars , Costas Kounnas

We construct N=2 four and five-dimensional supergravity theories coupled to vector multiplets in various space-time signatures (t,s), where t and s refer, respectively, to the number of time and spatial dimensions. The five-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-13 W. A. Sabra

This paper proposes an abstract mathematical frame for describing some features of biological time. The key point is that usual physical (linear) representation of time is insufficient, in our view, for the understanding key phenomena of…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2012-04-09 Francis Bailly , Giuseppe Longo , Maël Montévil

The mathematical structure of realist quantum theories has given rise to a debate about how our ordinary 3-dimensional space is related to the 3N-dimensional configuration space on which the wave function is defined. Which of the two spaces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-28 Eddy Keming Chen