Related papers: Wave Functionals, Gauge Invariant Equations for Ma…
The dynamics of a gravitational wave propagating through a cosmic gauge field are dramatically different than in vacuum. We show that a gravitational wave acquires an effective mass, is birefringent, and its normal modes are a linear…
We show that despite the fundamentally different situations, the wave functional of the vacuum in a resonator is identical to that of free space. The infinite product of Gaussian ground state wave functions defining the wave functional of…
In arXiv:1202.4298 gauge invariant interacting equations were writ- ten down for the spin 2 and spin 3 massive modes using the exact renor- malization group of a world sheet theory. This is generalized to all the higher levels in this…
The gauge invariant loop variable formalism and old covariant formalism for bosonic open string theory are compared in this paper. It is expected that for the free theory, after gauge fixing, the loop variable fields can be mapped to those…
In this work consideration is given to massless and massive gauge-invariant spin 0 and spin 1 fields (particles) within the scope of a theory of the generalized relativistic wave equations with an extended set of the Lorentz group…
In the analytic-Bargmann representation associated with the harmonic oscillator and spin coherent states, the wavefunction as entire complex functions can be factorized in terms of their zeros in a unique way. The Schr\"odinger equation of…
Functional geometry is a framework using concepts from geometry to understand the invariance of amplitudes in quantum field theory under a large class of field redefinitions, including those involving derivatives. It is inspired by…
We study higher dimensional models with magnetic fluxes, which can be derived from superstring theory. We study mass spectrum and wavefunctions of massless and massive modes for spinor, scalar and vector fields. We compute the 3-point…
There are many applications in gauge theories where the usually employed framework involving gauge-dependent Green's functions leads to considerable problems. In order to overcome the difficulties invariably tied to gauge dependence, we…
We present a perturbative treatment of gravitational wave memory. The coordinate invariance of Einstein's equations leads to a type of gauge invariance in perturbation theory. As with any gauge invariant theory, results are more clear when…
We define a wave-function for string theory cosmological backgrounds. We give a prescription for computing its norm following an earlier analysis within general relativity. Under Euclidean continuation, the cosmologies we discuss in this…
The paper is devoted to a geometrical interpretation of gauge invariance in terms of the formalism of field theory in compact space-time dimensions [arXiv:0903.3680]. In this formalism, the kinematic information of an interacting elementary…
The fundamental interactions of nature, the electroweak and the quantum chromodynamics, are described in the Standard Model by the Gauge Theory under internal symmetries that maintain the invariance of the functional action. The fundamental…
This paper discusses the gauge issue touching the gravitational waves induced at the second order by the scalar modes of cosmological perturbations. These waves are known to depend on the gauge used for their calculation. In this paper, we…
The energy density spectrum is an observable of gravitational waves. Divergence has appeared in the energy density spectra of the scalar induced gravitational waves for different gauge fixings. To resolve the discrepancy, we investigate the…
We analyze U(N) Born-Infeld gauge theory in two spacetime dimensions. We derive the exact energy spectrum on the circle and show that it reduces to N relativistic fermions on a dual space. This contrasts to the Yang-Mills case that reduces…
We refine the relation between the renormalized partition function of the open bosonic string in background fields and the effective action. In the process, we get some leading derivative corrections to the Born-Infeld action which include…
Gauge invariance was discovered in the development of classical electromagnetism and was required when the latter was formulated in terms of the scalar and vector potentials. It is now considered to be a fundamental principle of nature,…
Shape invariance is a powerful solvability condition, that allows for complete knowledge of the energy spectrum, and eigenfunctions of a system. After a short introduction into the deformation quantization formalism, this paper explores the…
The gauge covariant derivative of a wave function is ubiquitous in gauge theory, and with associated gauge transformations it defines charged currents interacting with external fields, such as the Lorentz force exerted by an electromagnetic…