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In high multiplicity nucleus-nucleus collisions baryon-antibaryon annihilation and regeneration occur during the final hadronic expansion phase, thus distorting the initial equilibrium multiplicity ratios. We quantify the modifications…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Reinhard Stock , Francesco Becattini , Marcus Bleicher , Jan Steinheimer

Although we have a theory of strong interactions, its implications for the physics of average hadron collisions, which is the focus of this series of conferences, are far from obvious. QCD has nevertheless been a very powerful guide and I…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Halzen

The relation between parton and hadron multiplicity distributions is discussed. To obtain parton multiplicity distribution we propose decomposition of the multiplicity distributions of final state hadrons. Such procedure offers hope for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-16 Maciej Rybczyński , Zbigniew Włodarczyk

In leading twist deep inelastic $ep$ scattering, the virtual photon interaction is fast compared to the time scale of soft color rearrangement. We compare the Pomeron exchange model, in which a neutral cluster is preformed, with a gluon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul Hoyer , C. S. Lam

We examine hadron multiplicity fluctuations in hard processes and confront analytic QCD predictions with the pattern of multiplicity fluctuations observed in $e^+e^-$ annihilation and high-$p_t$ jets produced in $pp$ collisions at the LHC.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-16 Yu. L. Dokshitzer , B. R. Webber

We compare the numerical predictions for heavy quark production in high energy hadron collisions in the conventional QCD parton model and the k_T-factorization approach (semihard theory). The total production cross sections, one-particle…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. G. Ryskin , Yu. M. Shabelski , A. G. Shuvaev

The PYTHIA Monte Carlo (PMC), first introduced more than thirty years ago, remains a popular simulation tool both for analysis of $p$-$p$ collision dynamics and for detector design and calibration. The PMC assumes that almost all produced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-24 Thomas A. Trainor

The diffractive heavy quark cross sections are estimated considering photon-Pomeron ($\gamma \pom$) interactions in hadron - hadron at RHIC, Tevatron, and CERN LHC energies. We assume the validity of the hard diffractive factorization and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 V. P. Goncalves , M. M. Machado

In this work the double vector meson production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions is investigated within the BFKL approach. The integrated cross sections and event rates for the processes AA --> V1 V2 AA (V_i = rho, omega, phi, J/Psi,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-01-07 V. P. Goncalves , M. V. T. Machado , W. K. Sauter

A new approach to phenomenological description of the charged particle multiplicity distributions in proton-(anti)proton and electron-positron collisions is presented. The observed features of the data are interpreted on the basis of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-06-24 I. Zborovský

We present a formalism for high energy soft processes, mediated by Pomerons, which embodies pion-loop insertions in the Pomeron trajectory, rescattering effects via a two-channel eikonal and high-mass diffractive dissociation. It describes…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-07-09 V. A. Khoze , A. D. Martin , M. G. Ryskin

Charged-particle multiplicity distributions are an interesting tool to study both soft- and hard-QCD processes in hadronic collisions. Since last century a significant range of center-of-mass energies has been probed, ranging from a few GeV…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-01 Anton Alkin

Coherence phenomena, the increase with energy of coherence length and the non-universality of parton structure of the effective Pomeron are explained. New hard phenomena directly calculable in QCD such as diffractive electroproduction of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Halina Abramowicz , Leonid Frankfurt , Mark Strikman

Soft QCD is beyond perturbative control, and therefore phenomenological models have to be developed. These are implemented and combined within event generators. Typical aspects considered are multiparton interactions, colour reconnection,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-11 Torbjörn Sjöstrand

I discuss the theoretical status of the `soft' pomeron and its place in describing generic diffractive processes. The role of perturbative QCD (pQCD) corrections is considered, in particular in the context of quasi-elastic vector meson…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 J. R. Forshaw

Inclusive distributions of soft production of mesons in hadronic collisions are calculated in the valon-recombination model. The new determination of the valon distributions from hard scattering data makes possible a tightly interrelated…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Rudolph C. Hwa , C. B. Yang

In the framework of our model (GLM) for soft interaction with $\alpha'_{\pom}(0)=0$, we propose a procedure based on Gribov's partonic interpretation of the Pomeron, which enables one to calculate the diffractive mass distributions in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-04-17 E. Gotsman , E. Levin , U. Maor

We review results on hadron multiplicities in high energy particle collisions. Both theory and experiment are discussed. The general procedures used to describe particle multiplicity in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) are summarized. The QCD…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 I. M. Dremin , J. W. Gary

We consider the impact of multi-parton interactions, colour reconnection and hadronization on the modeling of vector boson fusion and vector boson scattering (VBS) final states at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We investigate how the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-21 Carsten Bittrich , Patrick Kirchgaeßer , Andreas Papaefstathiou , Simon Plätzer , Stefanie Todt

Hard processes leading to high transverse momentum hadron production are calculable in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD) for proton-proton collisions. In heavy-ion collisions, such processes occur as well, and due to a separation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Thorsten Renk