Related papers: Analytical and numerical properties of Q-balls
Non topological solitons, Q-balls can arise in many particle theories with U(1) global symmetries. As was shown by Cohen et al. \cite{Qballscohen}, if the corresponding scalar field couples to massless fermions, large Q-balls are unstable…
In theories with low energy supersymmetry breaking, the effective potential for squarks and sleptons has generically nearly flat directions, V(phi) ~ M^4 (log(phi/M))^n. This guarantees the existence of stable non-topological solitons,…
Solitonic scalar field configurations are studied in a theory coupled to gravity. It is found that non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are present in the theory. Properties of gravitationally self coupled Q-balls are studied by analytical…
We study $Q$-ball type solitons in arbitrary spatial dimensions in the setting recently described by Kusenko, where the scalar field potential has a flat direction which rises much slower than $\phi^2$. We find that the general formula for…
In this work we deal with nontopological solutions of the Q-ball type in two spacetime dimensions. We study models of current interest, described by a Higgs-like and other, similar potentials which unveil the presence of exact solutions. We…
Complex scalars in U(1)-symmetric potentials can form stable Q-balls, non-topological solitons that correspond to spherical bound-state solutions. If the U(1) charge of the Q-ball is large enough, it can support a tower of unstable radial…
We study the classical and absolute stability of Q-balls in scalar field theories with flat potentials arising in both gravity-mediated and gauge-mediated models. We show that the associated Q-matter formed in gravity-mediated potentials…
Q-balls are non-topological solitons in a large family of field theories. We focus on the existence of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls for a field theory with sixth-order potential. The problem can be reduced to proving the existence of critical…
Theories with low-energy supersymmetry predict the existence of stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, that can contribute to dark matter. We discuss the experimental signatures, methods of detection, and the present limits on such dark…
It was recently discovered that waves scattering off a $Q$-ball can extract energy from it. We present an analytical treatment of this process by adopting a multi-step function approximation for the background field, which yields…
We demonstrate the existence of non-abelian non-topological solitons such as Q-balls in the spectrum of Wess-Zumino models with non-abelian global symmetries. We conveniently name them Q-superballs and identify them for short as Q-sballs.…
The regularized signum-Gordon potential has a smooth minimum and is linear in the modulus of the field value for higher amplitudes. The Q-ball solutions in this model are investigated. Their existence for charges large enough is…
Q-balls are non-topological solitons that coherently rotate in field space. We show that these coherent rotations can induce superradiance for scattering waves, thanks to the fact that the scattering involves two coupled modes. Despite the…
Usually the charge and the energy of stable Q-balls vary in a wide range or are even unbounded. In the present paper we study an interesting possibility that this range is parametrically small. In this case the spectra of stable Q-balls…
Explicit solutions for extended objects of a Q-ball type were found analytically in a model describing complex scalar field with piecewise parabolic potential in (3+1)- and (1+1)-dimensional space-times. Such a potential provides a variety…
We examine the energetics of Q-balls in Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in two space dimensions. Whereas gauged Q-balls are unallowed in this dimension in the absence of a Chern-Simons term due to a divergent electromagnetic energy, the…
We show that many numerically established properties of Q-balls can be understood in terms of analytic approximations for a certain type of potential. In particular, we derive an explicit formula between the energy and the charge of the…
Magnetic monopoles and Q-balls are examples of topological and nontopological solitons, respectively. A new soliton state with both topological and nontopological charges is shown to also exist, given a monopole sector with a portal…
Q ball solutions are considered within the theory of a complex scalar field with a gauged U(1) symmetry and a parabolic-type potential. In the thin-walled limit, we show explicitly that there is a maximum size for these objects because of…
This work deals with charged nontopological solutions that appear in relativistic models described by a single complex scalar field in two-dimensional spacetime. We study a model which supports novel analytical configurations of the Q-ball…