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It is usually considered that the spectrum of an optical cavity coupled to an atomic medium does not exhibit a normal-mode splitting unless the system satisfies the strong coupling condition, meaning the Rabi frequency of the coherent…
We address the issue of how to properly treat, and in a more general setting, the concept of a weak value of a weak measurement in quantum mechanics. We show that for this purpose, one must take in account the effects of the measuring…
Quantum criticality is the intriguing possibility offered by the laws of quantum mechanics when the wave function of a many-particle physical system is forced to evolve continuously between two distinct, competing ground states. This…
We entertain the idea that a suitable background of cold (very low momentum) pseudoscalar particles or condensate, may trigger a background that effectively generates Lorentz-invariance violation. This aether-like background induces a…
The derivation of cross sections and decay rates in the Lorentz-violating standard-model extension is discussed. General features of the physics are described, and some conceptual and calculational issues are addressed. As an illustrative…
Two-level atoms interacting with a one mode cavity field at zero temperature have order parameters which reflect the presence of a quantum phase transition at a critical value of the atom-cavity coupling strength. Two popular examples are…
We adopt a three-level bosonic model to investigate the quantum phase transition in an ultracold atom-molecule conversion system which includes one atomic mode and two molecular modes. Through thoroughly exploring the properties of energy…
Quantum vacuum experiments are becoming a flexible tool for investigating fundamental physics. They are particularly powerful for searching for new light but weakly interacting degrees of freedom and are thus complementary to…
While the unpolarized parton distribution functions of the valence quarks ($d$ and $u$) are well determined from DIS experiments, the sea quark counterparts, $\bar{d}$ and $\bar{u}$, are much less constrained, in particular, near the…
The influence of nonvanishing quark masses on the total cross section in electron positron collisions and on the $Z$ decay rate is calculated. The corrections are expanded in $m^2/s$ and $\as$. Methods similar to those applied for the…
The properties of hard photon radiation in $W$ pair production at LEP 2 are studied, with emphasis on the energy loss relevant to the W mass measurement. We use a combination of the exact 1-photon matrix element and leading logarithmic…
A neutrino produced in a particle decay maintains an unusual wave nature that reveals a diffraction phenomenon in a large spatial region. Diffraction gives a new component to a neutrino flux in this region and modifies determinations of…
Resonant light interacting with matter can support different phases of a polarizable medium, and optical bistability where two such phases coexist. Here we identify signatures of optical phase transitions and optical bistability mapped onto…
Using $e^+e^-\rightarrow\gamma + X$ as an example, we show that the conventional factorization theorem in perturbative quantum chromodynamics breaks down for isolated photon cross sections in a well defined part of phase space. Implications…
In ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions a finite size QCD medium is created. In this paper we compute radiative energy loss to zeroth order in opacity by taking into account finite size effects. Transition radiation occurs on the boundary…
A quantum phase transition that was recently observed in a high-mobility silicon MOSFET is analyzed in terms of a scaling theory. The most striking characteristic of the transition is a divergence of the thermopower, according to an inverse…
The gamma-ray excess observed from the Galactic Center can be interpreted as dark matter particles annihilating into Standard Model fermions with a cross section near that expected for a thermal relic. Although many particle physics models…
We investigate quantum properties of pulsed light fields point by point in phase space. We probe the negative region of the Wigner function of a single photon generated by the means of waveguided parametric down-conversion. This capability…
Events with tagged photons in the process of electron-positron annihilation into hadrons are considered. The initial state radiation is suggested to scan the hadronic cross section with the energy. QED radiative corrections are taken into…
I review recent developments in determining the QCD phase diagram by means of lattice simulations. Since the invention of methods to side-step the sign problem a few years ago, a number of additional variants have been proposed, and…