Related papers: Urgent problems at small x
We show that a pure gauge theory in higher dimensions may lead to an effective lower-dimensional theory with massive vector field, broken gauge symmetry and no fundamental Higgs boson. The mechanism we propose employs the localization of a…
Reggeon field theory (RFT), originally developed in the context of high energy diffraction scattering, has a much wider applicability, describing, for example, the universal critical behavior of stochastic population models as well as…
In this paper we are concerned with the learnability of energies from data obtained by observing time evolutions of their critical points starting at random initial equilibria. As a byproduct of our theoretical framework we introduce the…
Large Language Models~(LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps mitigate this, but at a high computational cost while risking misinformation. Adaptive retrieval aims to retrieve only when necessary,…
Temporal imaging of biological epithelial structures yields shape data at discrete time points, leading to a natural question: how can we reconstruct the most likely path of growth patterns consistent with these discrete observations? We…
Phenotypically structured equations arise in population biology to describe the interaction of species with their environment that brings the nutrients. This interaction usually leads to selection of the fittest individuals. Models used in…
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems rely on retrieval models for identifying relevant contexts and answer generation models for utilizing those contexts. However, retrievers exhibit imperfect recall and precision, limiting…
In this paper, we show mathematical justification of the data assimilation of nudging type in $L^p$-$L^q$ maximal regularity settings. We prove that the approximate solution of the primitive equations by data assimilation converges to the…
A new general approach is introduced for definining an optimum zero-order Hamiltonian for Rayleigh-Schr\"odinger perturbation theory. Instead of taking the operator directly from a model problem, it is constructed to be a best fit to the…
In this work, we benchmark various graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems across a broad spectrum of query types, including OLTP-style (fact-based) and OLAP-style (thematic) queries, to address the complex demands of…
Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) promises accuracy and efficiency by dynamically triggering retrieval only when needed and is widely used in practice. However, real-world queries vary in surface form even with the same intent,…
Recent work on Event Extraction has reframed the task as Question Answering (QA), with promising results. The advantage of this approach is that it addresses the error propagation issue found in traditional token-based classification…
In this paper, we use the method of convex integration to construct infinitely many distributional solutions in $H^{\beta}$ for $0<\beta\ll1$ to the initial value problem for the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations. We show…
We provide novel theoretical insights on structured prediction in the context of efficient convex surrogate loss minimization with consistency guarantees. For any task loss, we construct a convex surrogate that can be optimized via…
This is the seventh article in the collection of reviews "Exact results on N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories", ed. J.Teschner. It discusses an interesting class of observables localised on surfaces that attracts steadily growing attention.…
We develop the finite-size scaling (FSS) theory at quantum transitions, considering generic boundary conditions, such as open and periodic boundary conditions, and also the corrections to the leading FSS behaviors. Using…
We study the application of the generalized convolution quadrature (gCQ) based on Runge--Kutta methods to approximate the solution of an important class of sectorial problems. The gCQ generalizes Lubich's original convolution quadrature…
The mathematical idea of resurgence allows one to obtain nonperturbative information from the large-order behavior of perturbative expansions. This idea can be very fruitful in physics applications, in particular if one does not have access…
Physically relevant field-theoretic quantities are usually derived from perturbation techniques. These quantities are solved in the form of an asymptotic series in powers of small perturbation parameters related to the physical system, and…
Structural reliability analysis is concerned with estimation of the probability of a critical event taking place, described by $P(g(\textbf{X}) \leq 0)$ for some $n$-dimensional random variable $\textbf{X}$ and some real-valued function…