Related papers: Probability and QCD
The Dirac theory of electron and QED neglect gravitational field, while the corresponding to electron Kerr-Newman gravitational field has very strong influence on the Compton distances. It polarizes space-time, deforms the Coulomb field and…
Probabilities for observations in cosmology are conditioned both on the universe's quantum state and on local data specifying the observational situation. We show the quantum state defines a measure for prediction through such conditional…
The distributions of the quark number and chiral condensate over the gauge fields are computed for QCD in Euclidean space at nonzero quark chemical potential. As both operators are non-hermitian the distributions are in the complex plane.…
I suppose that quantum objects obey elementary probability theory. I consider a connection of elementary probability theory and complex quantum amplitudes by a matrix calculus. A special case of a discrete pregeometry is an example of this…
The formulation of a consistent measurement theory for relativistic quantum fields has become a problem of growing foundational and practical significance. Standard non-relativistic measurement models fail to incorporate the essential…
We treat the probability distributions for quadratic quantum fields, averaged with a Lorentzian test function, in four-dimensional Minkowski vacuum. These distributions share some properties with previous results in two-dimensional…
The quantum predictions for a single nonrelativistic spin-1/2 particle can be reproduced by noncontextual hidden variables. Here we show that quantum contextuality for a relativistic electron moving in a Coulomb potential naturally emerges…
We characterize semicircular distribution by the freeness of linear and quadratic forms in noncommutative random variables from a tracial $W^*$-probability space with relaxed moment conditions.
``Constants of Nature'' and cosmological parameters may in fact be variables related to some slowly-varying fields. In models of eternal inflation, such fields will take different values in different parts of the universe. Here I show how…
A simple class of chaotic systems in a random environment is considered and the fluctuation theorem is extended under the assumption of reversibility.
In this paper we create a model of particle motion on a three-dimensional lattice using discrete random walk with small steps. We rigorously construct a probability space of the particle trajectories. Unlike deterministic approach in…
The relationship between three probability distributions and their maximizable entropy forms is discussed without postulating entropy property. For this purpose, the entropy I is defined as a measure of uncertainty of the probability…
We describe the fundamental constructions and properties of determinantal probability measures and point processes, giving streamlined proofs. We illustrate these with some important examples. We pose several general questions and…
The mathematical foundations of relativistic quantum mechanics is largely based upon the discovery of the Pauli and Dirac matrices. An algebra which lies at an even more fundamental level is the geometric Clifford algebra with metric…
The internal interactions of fluids occur at all scales therefore the resulting force fields have no reason to be smooth and differentiable. The release of the differentiability hypothesis has important mathematical consequences, like scale…
A quantum probability model is introduced and used to explain human probability judgment errors including the conjunction, disjunction, inverse, and conditional fallacies, as well as unpacking effects and partitioning effects. Quantum…
Triangular distributions are a well-known class of distributions that are often used as an elementary example of a probability model. Maximum likelihood estimation of the mode parameter of the triangular distribution over the unit interval…
In ordinary situations involving a small part of the universe, Born's rule seems to work well for calculating probabilities of observations in quantum theory. However, there are a number of reasons for believing that it is not adequate for…
Quantification starts with sum and product rules that express combination and partition. These rules rest on elementary symmetries that have wide applicability, which explains why arithmetical adding up and splitting into proportions are…
The evolution of a generally covariant theory is under-determined. One hundred years ago such dynamics had never before been considered; its ramifications were perplexing, its future important role for all the fundamental interactions under…