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Related papers: Physics of Strange Matter

200 papers

Witten's conjecture about strange quark matter (`Strange Matter') being the ground state of QCD at finite baryon number is presented and stars made of strange matter (`Strange Stars') are compared to neutron stars. The only observable way…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dany Page

A protoneutron star is formed immediately after the gravitational collapse of the core of a massive star. At birth, the hot and high density matter in such a star contains a large number of neutrinos trapped during collapse. Trapped…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-23 M. Prakash , S. Reddy , J. M. Lattimer , P. J. Ellis

A pedagogical overview of strange quark matter and strange stars is presented. After a historical notation of the research and an introduction to quark matter, a major part is devoted to the physics and astrophysics of strange stars, with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. X. Xu

In this lecture, we give a first introduction to neutron stars, based on fundamental physical principles. After outlining their amazing macroscopic properties, as obtained from observations, we infer the extreme conditions of matter in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-01-11 Pierre M. Pizzochero

A review on the state-of-the-art of heavy hadrons in nuclei is presented. In particular, the properties of mesons with strangeness and charm in matter are discussed, paying a special attention to the formation of exotic bound states in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-11-30 Laura Tolos

The equation of state of hadronic matter in neutron stars is briefly reviewed. Uncertainties regarding the stiffness and composition of hadronic matter are discussed. Importance of poorly known short range interactions of nucleons and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marek Kutschera

Highly effective conversion of kinetic energy into abundant particle multiplicity is the remarkable feature discovered in high energy heavy ion collisions. This short and pedagogic review addresses topical issues related to the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-04-17 Johann Rafelski

This talk reviews the physics of dense, strongly interacting matter. The newly acquired experimental data on strangeness production in heavy-ion reactions from 1-10 AGeV is used to probe the physics of in-medium properties of kaons,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 C. A. Ogilvie

The correlation between baryon number and strangeness is used to discern the nature of the deconfined matter produced at vanishing chemical potential in high-energy nuclear collisions at the BNL RHIC. Comparisons of results of various…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Majumder , V. Koch , J. Randrup

We study as function of energy strangeness created in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We consider statistical hadronization with chemical freeze-out in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium. We obtain strangeness per baryon and per entropy…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Johann Rafelski , Jean Letessier

At greater than nuclear densities, matter may convert into a mixture of nucleons, hyperons, dibaryons, and strangelets, thus facilitating the formation of strange matter even before the onset of the quark-matter phase transition. From a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ernest Ma

Dark sector particles at the GeV scale carrying baryon number provide an attractive framework for understanding the origin of dark matter and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. We demonstrate that dark decays of hadronic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-06-08 Gonzalo Alonso-Álvarez , Gilly Elor , Miguel Escudero , Bartosz Fornal , Benjamín Grinstein , Jorge Martin Camalich

Strange hadrons have been suggested as sensitive probes of the properties of the nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. At few-GeV collision energies, the formed medium is baryon-rich due to baryon stopping effect. In these…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-11-17 Hongcan Li

We discuss the impact of strange hadrons, in particular hyperons, on the gross features of compact stars and on core-collapse supernovae. Hyperons are likely to be the first exotic species which appears around twice normal nuclear matter…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-18 J. Schaffner-Bielich

Strange quark matter with the density of ~ 5\times 10^{14} g cm^{-3} might exist up to the surface of a strange star. This differs qualitatively from the case of a neutron star and opens observational possibilities to distinguish strange…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladimir V. Usov

The phase diagram of nuclear matter is extended to strangeness and antimatter. It offers fascinating features for heavy ion physics and astrophysics. We will discuss some regions of this phase diagram as strange matter at zero temperature,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Juergen Schaffner

Analytic expressions are given for the baryonic, electric and strangeness chemical potentials which explicitly show the importance of various terms. Simple scaling relations connecting these chemical potentials are found. Applications to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Aram Z. Mekjian

In this short paper, we argue the issue on dark matter capture in neutron stars. After summarizing the whole scenario and the introduction of previous studies along this line, we propose some potentially important effects due to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-12-23 Motoi Tachibana , Marco Ruggieri

Multi-messenger astronomical observations of neutron stars, together with more precise calculations and constraints coming from dense matter microphysics, are generating tension with regard to equations of state models used to describe…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-09 Mauro Mariani , Ignacio F. Ranea-Sandoval

Neutron stars offer powerful astrophysical laboratories to probe the properties of dark matter. Gradual accumulation of heavy, non-annihilating dark matter in neutron stars can lead to the formation of comparable-mass black holes, and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-23 Anupam Ray