Related papers: Limits on Cosmic Chiral Vortons
Cosmic strings are a common prediction in many grand unified theories and a promising source of stochastic gravitational waves (GWs) from the early Universe. In this paper, we point out that the GW signal from cosmic strings produced at a…
We describe the results of high-resolution numerical simulations of string-induced structure formation in open universes and those with a non-zero cosmological constant. For models with $\Gamma = \Omega h = 0.1 - 0.2$ and a cold dark matter…
We introduce a new type of 3D compressible quantum phase, in which the U(1) charge conservation symmetry is weakly broken by a rigid string-like order parameter, and no local order parameter exists. We show that this gapless phase is…
The order of the thermal phase transition in the chiral limit of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) with two dynamical flavors of quarks is a long-standing issue and still not known in the continuum limit. Whether the transition is first or…
We study the gravitational wave (GW) production in extremely strong first order phase transitions where the latent heat density dominates the plasma energy density, $\alpha \gtrsim 1$. In such transitions, bubbles develop extremely thin and…
This paper deals with the geometry of supermassive cosmic strings. We have used an approach that enforces the spacetime of cosmic strings to also satisfy the conservation laws of a cylindric gravitational topological defect, that is a…
Production of domain walls and string-like solitons in the model with two real scalar fields and potential with at least one saddle point and a local maximum is considered. The model is regarded as 2-dimensional spatial slices of…
Using the trace anomaly relation, low-energy theorem and Witten-Veneziano formula, we have developed an analytical formalism which allows one to calculate the gluon condensate, the topological susceptibility and the mass of the $\eta'$…
Cosmic strings can be created in the early universe during symmetry-breaking phase transitions, such as might arise if the gauge structure of the standard model is extended by additional U(1) factors at high energies. Cosmic strings present…
Cosmic strings, topological defects predicted by high-energy theories, may contribute to the late-time expansion of the Universe, effectively mimicking dynamical dark energy. We investigate four phenomenological extensions of the…
We propose a mechanism of nonthermal production of a neutralino cold dark matter particle, $\chi$, from the decay of cosmic strings which form from the spontaneous breaking of a U(1) gauge symmetry, such as $U_{B-L}(1)$, in an extension of…
At the extreme densities in neutron stars, a phase transition to deconfined quark matter is anticipated. Yet masses, radii and tidal deformabilities offer only indirect measures of a first-order phase transition, requiring many detections…
The recent observational evidence for cosmic filament spin on megaparsec scales (Wang et al, Nature Astronomy 5, 839-845 (2021)) demands an explanation in the physics of dark matter. Conventional collisionless cold particle dark matter is…
The equilibrium behavior of vortices in the classical two-dimensional (2D) XY model with uncorrelated random phase shifts is investigated. The model describes Josephson-Junction arrays with positional disorder, and has ramifications in a…
We discuss the problem of estimating the characteristic length scale $\xi_{\rm s}$, and hence the initial density, of a system of cosmic strings formed at a continuous, second-order phase transition in the early universe. In particular, we…
We study vortex-strings in four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric SU(Nc)xU(1) gauge theories with Nf hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation of SU(Nc) and general U(1) charges. If Nf>Nc, the vacuum is not gapped and the low-energy…
The Standard Model is the low-energy limit of a microscopic theory which includes extra dimensions and new symmetries. A part of my thesis consisted in constructing a new class of models with two extra dimensions. We showed that these…
Classically conformal Standard Model extensions predict an intriguing thermal history of the early universe. In contrast to the common paradigm, the onset of the electroweak phase transition can be significantly delayed while the universe…
We investigate the emission of vector radiation by superconducting cosmic string loops, deriving general relations to characterize the vector radiation emission efficiency, and study its impact on the evolution of loops. Building on these…
We calculate electric and magnetic form factors of protons and neutrons in quenched Monte Carlo lattice QCD on a $16^3\times 24$ lattice at $\beta = 6.0$ using Wilson fermions. We employ a method which characterizes one of the nucleon…