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We develop a general method to quantify the uncertainties of parton distribution functions and their physical predictions, with emphasis on incorporating all relevant experimental constraints. The method uses the Hessian formalism to study…
After a brief recapitulation of the general interest of parton densities, we discuss multiple hard interactions and multiparton distributions. We report on recent theoretical progress in their QCD description, on outstanding conceptual…
The quantum statistical parton distributions approach proposed more than one decade ago is revisited by considering a larger set of recent and accurate Deep Inelastic Scattering experimental results. It enables us to improve the description…
We investigate several ingredients for a theory of multiple hard scattering in hadron-hadron collisions. Issues discussed include the space-time structure of multiple interactions, their power behavior, spin and color correlations,…
A survey is given on the present status of the nucleon parton distributions and related precision calculations and precision measurements of the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(M_Z^2)$. We also discuss the impact of these quantities on…
I review the current status of the determination of helicity-dependent, or polarized, parton distribution functions from a comprehensive analysis of experimental data in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. I illustrate the latest…
In the past year, polarized deep inelastic scattering experiments at CERN and SLAC have obtained structure function measurements off proton, neutron and deuteron targets at a level of precision never before achieved. The measurements can be…
The generalized parton distributions and the generalized distribution amplitudes give access to a deeper understanding of the quark and gluon content of hadrons. In this short review, we select some new developments of their interesting…
Skewed parton distributions contain new non-perturbative information about hadronic states. Thus, their extraction from experimental data is an important goal. Properties and models for skewed parton distributions as well as their…
The generalized parton distributions, introduced nearly a decade ago, have emerged as a universal tool to describe hadrons in terms of quark and gluonic degrees of freedom. They combine the features of form factors, parton densities and…
Hadrons are composite objects made of quarks and gluons, and during a collision one can have several elementary interactions between the constituents. These elementary interactions, using an appropriate theoretical framework, can be related…
We provide an assessment of the state of the art in various issues related to experimental measurements, phenomenological methods and theoretical results relevant for the determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and their…
We discuss techniques and results for the extraction of the nucleon's spin-dependent parton distributions and their uncertainties from data for polarized deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon and proton-proton scattering by means of a global QCD…
An up-to-date global QCD analysis of high energy lepton-hadron and hadron-hadron interactions is performed to better determine the gluon and quark parton distributions in the nucleon. Improved experimental data on inclusive jet production,…
In this paper, I will explain in as simple and intuitive physical terms as possible what generalized parton distributions are, what new information about the structure of hadrons they convey and therefore what picture of the hadron will…
Deep Inelastic Scattering would be brought into the unexplored TeV regime by the the proposed Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN. Its rich physics program, includes both precision Standard Model measurements to complement LHC physics as…
We apply the Lagrange Multiplier method to study the uncertainties of physical predictions due to the uncertainties of parton distribution functions (PDFs), using the cross section for W production at a hadron collider as an archetypal…
We consider the generic problem of performing a global fit to many independent data sets each with a different overall multiplicative normalization uncertainty. We show that the methods in common use to treat multiplicative uncertainties…
Structure functions are a measure of the partonic structure of hadrons, which is important for any process which involves colliding hadrons. They are a key ingredient for deriving partons distributions in nucleons. In recent years dramatic…
I review recent progress in the determination of the parton structure of the nucleon, in particular from deep-inelastic structure functions. I explain how the needs of current and future precision phenomenology, specifically at the LHC,…