Related papers: Gauge invariance and hadron structure
The fundamental program in high energy spin physics focuses on the spin structure of the nucleon. The gluon and orbital angular momentum components of the nucleon spin are virtually unknown. The J_z=1/2 sum rule involves the integrated…
Using gauge invariant quark Green's functions, defined with path-ordered gluon field phase factors along polygonal lines, and functional relations among them, two compatible bound state equations of the Dirac type are established for…
We present a general analysis of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) distribution of gluons $L_g(x)$ inside the nucleon with particular emphasis on the small-$x$ region. We derive a novel operator representation of $L_g(x)$ in terms of…
In this paper, we will assume that the structure picture of the rotation angles will be changed according to the scale of measurement (minimum measurable angle) and if we have a device with very high accuracy (high resolution) then we can…
This is a review of recent developments in hadron structure within the framework of Lattice QCD. The main focus is on recent achievements in the evaluation of nucleon quantities, such as the axial charge, electromagnetic form factors, the…
Nuclear parton distributions and structure functions are determined in an effective chiral quark theory. We also discuss an extension of our model to fragmentation functions.
The spin and orbital angular momentum carried by different quark flavors in the nucleon are calculated in the SU(3) chiral quark model with symmetry-breaking. The similar calculation is also performed for other octet and decuplet baryons.…
We present results on the momentum fraction carried by quarks and gluons in the pion and the kaon. We employ three gauge ensembles generated with $N_f=2+1+1$ Wilson twisted-mass clover-improved fermions with physical quark masses. We…
New experimental results on the spin dependent structure functions g_1 and g_2 which are determined from deep-inelastic scattering experiments at CERN, SLAC and DESY are reported. These results are used to evaluate the Bjorken sum rule and…
The smallness of the deuteron tensor spin structure function is the necessary condition to extract neutron $g_1$ function neglecting the nuclear effects. The oscillating behavior of the quark tensor spin structure function leading to the…
We revisit the gauge-covariant canonical formalism by separating explicitly physical and gauge degrees of freedom. We show in particular that the gauge-invariant linear and angular momentum operators proposed by Chen et al. can consistently…
Understanding the spin structure of the proton is one of the main challenges in hadronic physics. While the concepts of spin and orbital angular momentum are pretty clear in the context of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, the…
Measurements of single-spin asymmetries for semi-inclusive electro-production of pions and kaons in deep-inelastic scattering with transverse target polarization open a new window on the transverse quark and gluon structure of the nucleon.…
We consider a possibility that inside the proton and, more generally, inside the hadrons there are additional partons - tensor-gluons, which can carry a part of the proton momentum. The tensor-gluons have zero electric charge, like gluons,…
It is shown that the momentum density of free electromagnetic field splits into two parts. One has no contribution to the net momentum due to the transversality condition. The other yields all the momentum. The angular momentum that…
In this work, we prove a previously published conjecture that a prescription we gave for constructing states that implement Gauss's law for `pure glue' QCD is correct. We also construct a unitary transformation that extends this…
We investigate the possibility to draw conclusions on the sign of the spin-dependent gluon distribution, $\Delta G(x, Q^2)$, from existing polarized DIS data. The spin-dependent parton distributions $\Delta u_v, \Delta d_v, \Delta {\bar u},…
The structure functions g1p and g1n have been measured over the range 0.014 < x < 0.9 and 1 < Q2 < 40 GeV2 using deep-inelastic scattering of 48 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons from polarized protons and deuterons. We find that the…
In orbital and attitude dynamics the coordinates and the Euler angles are expressed as functions of the time and six constants called elements. Under disturbance, the constants are endowed with time dependence. The Lagrange constraint is…
In this short note, we report a di-quark model calculation for the spin dependent odderon and demonstrate that the asymmetrical color source distribution in the transverse plane of a transversely polarized hadron plays an essential role in…