Related papers: Second Stage String Fragmentation Model
We calculate the form factors for weak decays of $B_{(s)}$ and $D_{(s)}$ mesons to light pseudoscalar and vector mesons. To reveal the intimate connection between different decay modes and to be able to perform the calculations in the full…
We propose and solve a simple model describing secondary structure formation in random hetero-polymers. It describes monomers with a combination of one-dimensional short-range interactions (representing steric forces and hydrogen bonds) and…
We suggest that by virtue of the very early processes immediately following the big bang incipient 1st generation particles are created forming periodic strings to confine the quarks. These strings may be described either by the Laplace…
In this review article we present the calculation of the splitting rate in flat space of a macroscopic fundamental string either intersecting at a generic angle a Dp-brane or lying on it. The result is then applied, in the context of the…
A statistical model of fragmentation of aggregates is proposed, based on the stochastic propagation of cracks through the body. The propagation rules are formulated on a lattice and mimic two important features of the process -- a crack…
The separation of a heavy quark and antiquark pair leads to the formation of a tube of flux, or "string", which should break in the presence of light quark-antiquark pairs. This expected zero-temperature phenomenon has proven elusive in…
We re-examine a closed-string model defined by altering the boundary conditions for one handedness of two-dimensional propagators in otherwise-standard string theory. We evaluate the amplitudes using Kawai-Lewellen-Tye factorization into…
We present clear numerical evidence for string breaking in three-dimensional SU(2) gauge theory with fundamental bosonic matter through a mixing analysis between Wilson loops and meson operators representing bound states of a static source…
We derive the gluon initiated contribution to the initial condition for the perturbative fragmentation function of a heavy quark through order O(\alpha_s^2) in the MS-bar scheme. This result is needed for the resummation with…
Using a world-sheet covariant formalism, we derive the equations of motion for second order perturbations of a generic macroscopic string, thus generalizing previous results for first order perturbations. We give the explicit results for…
A perturbative QCD calculation of heavy flavor quark fragmentation into heavy flavor baryons is developed along the lines of corresponding heavy meson models. The non-perturbative formation of the baryon is accomplished by implementing the…
The fragmentation function of vector particle into possible bound S-wave states with a heavy antiquark is calculated in the leading order of perturbative QCD for the high energy processes at large transverse momenta with the different…
Two models of binary fragmentation are introduced in which a time dependent transition size produces two regions of fragment sizes above and below the transition size. In the models we consider a fixed rate of fragmentation for the largest…
Metastable cosmic strings appear in models of new physics with a two-step symmetry breaking $G\to H\to 1$, where $\pi_1(H)\neq 0$ and $\pi_1(G)=0$. They decay via the monopole-antimonopole pair creation inside. Conventionally, the breaking…
The static structure factor S(q) of frustrated spin-1/2 chains with isotropic exchange and a singlet ground state (GS) diverges at wave vector q_m when the GS has quasi-long-range order (QLRO) with periodicity 2\pi/q_m but S(q_m) is finite…
The string breaking phenomenon in QCD can be studied using the gauge/string duality. In this approach, one can make estimates of some of the string breaking distances at non-zero temperature and baryon chemical potential. These point…
We investigate the entanglement entropy in quantum states featuring repeated sequential excitations of unit patterns in momentum space. In the scaling limit, each unit pattern contributes independently and universally to the entanglement…
We propose a new splitting behavior of tree-level string/particle amplitudes for scalars, gluons and gravitons. We identify certain subspaces in the space of Mandelstam variables, where the universal Koba-Nielsen factor splits into two…
We investigate the fragmentation of ring-like brittle structures under explosive loading using a discrete element model. By systematically varying ring thickness and strain rate, we uncover a transition from one-dimensional (1D)…
The significant heavy threshold effect is found in the supersymmetric SU(5) model with two adjoint scalars, one of which is interpreted as a massive string mode decoupled from the lower-energy particle spectra. This threshold related with…