Related papers: Q-balls in the MSSM
Usually the charge and the energy of stable Q-balls vary in a wide range or are even unbounded. In the present paper we study an interesting possibility that this range is parametrically small. In this case the spectra of stable Q-balls…
In a cosmological phase transition in theories that admit Q-balls there is a value of the soliton charge above which the soliton becomes unstable and expands, converting space to the true vacuum, much like a critical bubble in the case of…
The cosmological remnants of a first-order phase transition generally depend on the perturbations that the walls of expanding bubbles originate in the plasma. Several of the formation mechanisms occur when bubbles collide and lose their…
A QCD phase transition in the early universe could have left inhomogeneities in the baryon to photon ratio and in isospin that might have affected nucleosynthesis later on. At very high temperature QCD plasma can be described by…
This paper concerns hylomorphic solitons, namely stable, solitary waves whose existence is related to the ratio energy/charge. In theoretical physics, the name Q-ball refers to a type of hylomorphic solitons or soli- tary waves relative to…
Semitopological Vortices (Q-Rings) are identified to be classical soliton configurations whose stability is attributed to both topological and nontopological charges. We discuss some recent work on the simplest possible realization of such…
We study charge-swapping Q-balls, a kind of composite Q-ball where positive and negative charges co-exist and swap with time, in models with a logarithmic potential that arises naturally in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model.…
We study the classical and absolute stability of Q-balls in scalar field theories with flat potentials arising in both gravity-mediated and gauge-mediated models. We show that the associated Q-matter formed in gravity-mediated potentials…
Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of Q-balls with baryon and lepton numbers. Stable Q-balls can form at the end of inflation from the fragmentation of the Affleck-Dine condensate and can exist as dark…
We construct supersymmetric Q-balls and boson stars in (d+1) dimensions. These non-topological solitons are solutions of a scalar field model with global U(1) symmetry and a scalar field potential that appears in gauge-mediated…
The properties of Q-balls in the general case of a sixth order potential have been studied using analytic methods. In particular, for a given potential, the initial field value that leads to the soliton solution has been derived and the…
We study the excited states of the Q-balls by performing stationary perturbation on the spherical Q-balls. We find the exact solution of the stationary perturbation of the global Q-ball with thin wall approximation. For local Q-balls we…
We discuss the phenomenology of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons, emphasizing those which do not carry manifest flavor quantum numbers. Many of the properties of these mesons are still not fully understood. Some of them probably do not have…
Stable baryonic Q-balls, which appear in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, could form at the end of cosmological inflation from fragmentation of the Affleck -- Dine condensate. We reconsider astrophysical constraints on such…
We construct electrically charged Q-balls and boson stars in a model with a scalar self-interaction potential resulting from gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking. We discuss the properties of these solutions in detail and emphasize the…
We investigate the properties of interacting Q-balls and boson stars that sit on top of each other in great detail. The model that describes these solutions is essentially a (gravitating) two-scalar field model where both scalar fields are…
Self-gravitating non-topological solitons whose potential admits multiple vacua are promising candidates for exotic compact objects. Such objects can arise in several extensions of the Standard Model and could be produced in the early…
Astrophysical bounds on the properties and abundances of primordial quark nuggets and cosmic ray strangelets are reviewed. New experiments to search for cosmic ray strangelets in lunar soil and from the International Space Station are…
Some recent developments concerning the role of strange quark matter for astrophysical systems and the QCD phase transition in the early universe are addressed. Causality constraints of the soft nuclear equation of state as extracted from…
We examine the energetics of $Q$-balls in Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in two space dimensions. Whereas gauged $Q$-balls are unallowed in this dimension in the absence of a Chern-Simons term due to a divergent electromagnetic energy, the…