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This work attempts to present a complete theory of the $\mu$H hyperfine splitting, including all contributions above 1 ppm. Quantum electrodynamic and recoil corrections are calculated directly, while the proton structure correction is…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Andrzej Maroń , Mateusz Pańtak , Krzysztof Pachucki

The usefulness of study of hyperfine splitting in the hydrogen atom is limited on a level of 10 ppm by our knowledge of the proton structure. One way to go beyond 10 ppm is to study a specific difference of the hyperfine structure intervals…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Savely G. Karshenboim

While measurements of the hyperfine structure of hydrogen-like atoms are traditionally regarded as test of bound-state QED, we assume that theoretical QED predictions are accurate and discuss the information about the electromagnetic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Arnaud Dupays , Alberto Beswick , Bruno Lepetit , Carlo Rizzo , Dimitar Bakalov

We consider leading $O(m/M)$ nuclear recoil corrections to the hyperfine splitting in light atomic systems. Due to the singularity of hyperfine interactions, the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleus have to be introduced as a…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-01-12 Krzysztof Pachucki

Using the Dirac equation, we study corrections to electron binding energies and hyperfine splittings of atomic hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions due to finite nuclear size (FNS) effects, relativistic QED radiative corrections and nuclear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-06-06 Igor Kuzmenko , Tetyana Kuzmenko , Y. Avishai , Y. B. Band

We present a detailed derivation of the QED effects of order $\alpha^7\,m$ to the hyperfine structure (hfs) of the $^3S$ states of helium-like ions and perform numerical calculations for $^6$Li$^+$ and $^7$Li$^+$. By comparing the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Krzysztof Pachucki , Vojtěch Patkóš , Vladimir A. Yerokhin

The correction to the hydrogen-deuterium isotope shift due to the proton and deuteron polarizability is evaluated on the basis of modern experimental data on the structure functions of inelastic lepton-nucleus scattering. The numerical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 R. N. Faustov , A. P. Martynenko

We calculate the contribution from the two-photon exchange on the neutron to the hyperfine splitting of S energy levels. We update the value of the neutron Zemach radius, estimate total recoil and polarizability corrections. The resulting…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-04-03 Oleksandr Tomalak

A systematic investigation of the nuclear-polarization effects in one- and few-electron heavy ions is presented. The nuclear-polarization corrections in the zeroth and first orders in $1/Z$ are evaluated to the binding energies, the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-04-23 Andrey V. Volotka , Günter Plunien

The current status of the determination of corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state in hydrogen is considered. Improved calculations are provided taking into account the most recent value for the proton charge radius.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. V. Volotka , V. M. Shabaev , G. Plunien , G. Soff

Nuclear structure corrections of orders $Z\alpha\, E_F$ and $(Z\alpha)^2 E_F$ are calculated for the hyperfine splitting of the muonic deuterium. The obtained results disagree with previous calculations and lead to a $5\,\sigma$…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-01-02 Marcin Kalinowski , Krzysztof Pachucki , Vladimir A. Yerokhin

We determine the Zemach moments of hydrogen and deuterium for the first time using only the world data on elastic electron-proton and electron-deuteron scattering. Such moments are required for the calculation of the nuclear corrections to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 J. L. Friar , Ingo Sick

We revisit the $m \alpha^6 (m/M)$ order corrections to the hyperfine splitting in the H$_2^+$ ion, and find a hitherto unrecognized second-order relativistic contribution associated with the vibrational motion of the nuclei. Inclusion of…

The hyperfine structure of bound electrons in hydrogen-like ions is considered with corrections to the energy levels due to vacuum polarization (VP). Corrections to the wave function as well as the magnetic potential are determined for both…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Junis Heiland Hoyo , Bastian Sikora

The radiative correction to the nuclear charge radius contribution to the Lamb shift of order $\alpha(Z\alpha)^5m_r^3<r^2>$ is calculated. In view of the recent high precision experimental data, this theoretical correction produces a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 Michael I. Eides , Howard Grotch

The reduced-mass dependence of relativistic and radiative effects in simple muonic bound systems is investigated. The spin-dependent nuclear recoil correction of order (Zalpha)^4 mu^3/m_N^2 is evaluated for muonic hydrogen and deuterium,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-06-29 U. D. Jentschura

The interaction of orbital electrons with the charge and magnetic moment of the nucleus polarizes it, and the detailed description requires a careful treatment of the nuclear vector polarizability. We present a complete and closed form…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Krzysztof Pachucki

The contribution of \Delta isobar to the correction on proton polarizability in the hyperfine splitting of hydrogen and muonic hydrogen is calculated with the account of the experimental data on N-\Delta transition form factors.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 R. N. Faustov , A. P. Martynenko , V. A. Saleev

Hyperfine intervals in light hydrogenic atoms and ions are among the most accurately measured quantities in physics. The theory of QED corrections has recently advanced to the point that uncalculated terms for hydrogenic atoms and ions are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 J. L. Friar , G. L. Payne

Nuclear-size corrections of order $(Z \alpha)^5$ and $(Z \alpha)^6$ to the S-state levels of hydrogenic atoms are considered. These nuclear-elastic contributions are somewhat smaller than the polarizability (nuclear-inelastic) corrections…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 J. L. Friar , G. L. Payne