Related papers: The Equivalence Theorem and infrared divergences
In hypothesis testing problems the property of strict unbiasedness describes whether a test is able to discriminate, in the sense of a difference in power, between any distribution in the null hypothesis space and any distribution in the…
We report an experimental demonstration of sub-wavelength interference without correlation. Typically, people can achieve sub-wavelength effect with correlation measurement no matter by using bi-photon or thermal light sources. Here we…
We point out an earlier unnoticed implication of quantum indistinguishability, namely, a property which we call `dualism' that characterizes the entanglement of two identical particles (say, two ions of the same species) -- a feature which…
The divergence theorem in its usual form applies only to suitably smooth vector fields. For vector fields which are merely piecewise smooth, as is natural at a boundary between regions with different physical properties, one must patch…
It is shown that Bell's counterfactuals admit joint quasiprobability distributions (i.e. joint distributions exist, but may not be non-negative). A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence among them of a true probability…
Bell's theorem is a fundamental result in quantum mechanics: it discriminates between quantum mechanics and all theories where probabilities in measurement results arise from the ignorance of pre-existing local properties. We give an…
We formulate and prove a toy version of the Penrose inequality. The formulation mimics the original Penrose inequality in which the scenario is the following: A shell of null dust collapses in Minkowski space and a marginally trapped…
We investigate the interaction between the product of invariant types and domination-equivalence. We present a theory where the latter is not a congruence with respect to the former, provide sufficient conditions for it to be, and study the…
Let f(x) be a differentiable function on the real line R, and let P be a point not on the graph of f(x). Define the illumination index of P to be the number of distinct tangents to the graph of f which pass thru P. We prove that if f '' is…
The theory of measurement is employed to elucidate the physical basis of general relativity. For measurements involving phenomena with intrinsic length or time scales, such scales must in general be negligible compared to the (translational…
An interesting test of Einstein's equivalence principle (EEP) relies on the observed lag in arrival times of photons emitted from extragalactic transient sources. Attributing the lag between photons of different energies to the…
G{\"o}del's second incompleteness theorem forbids to prove, in a given theory U, the consistency of many theories-in particular, of the theory U itself-as well as it forbids to prove the normalization property for these theories, since this…
We consider the problem of deriving the no-signaling condition from the assumption that, as seen from a complexity theoretic perspective, the universe is not an exponential place. A fact that disallows such a derivation is the existence of…
Using tools from quantum information theory, we present a general theory of indistinguishability of identical bosons in experiments consisting of passive linear optics followed by particle number detection. Our results do neither rely on…
We generalize a version of Lavrent\'ev's theorem which says that a function that is continuous on a compact set K with connected complement and without interior points can be uniformly approximated as closely as desired by a polynomial…
In quantum theory, the no-information-without-disturbance and no-free-information theorems express that those observables that do not disturb the measurement of another observable and those that can be measured jointly with any other…
The Einstein Equivalence Principle has as one of its implications that the non-gravitational laws of physics are those of special relativity in any local freely-falling frame. We consider possible tests of this hypothesis for systems whose…
The traditional optical concept for the object does not provide an experimental feasibility to speak for itself, due to the fact that no measuring instrument catches up with the fluctuation of light fields. Using the theory of coherence, we…
It is shown that the extra coordinate of 5D induced-matter and membrane theory is related in certain gauges to the inertial rest mass of a test particle. This implies that the Weak Equivalence Principle is a geometric symmetry, valid only…
We give an integrability criterion on a real-valued non-increasing function $\psi$ guaranteeing that for almost all (or almost no) pairs $(A, \textbf{b})$, where $A$ is a real $m\times n$ matrix and $\textbf{b} \in \mathbb{R}^m$, the system…