Related papers: Gamma Ray Astronomy with Underground Detectors
The recent progress made in Galactic gamma-ray astronomy using the High Energy Stereoskopic System (H.E.S.S.) instrument provides for the first time a population of Galactic TeV gamma-rays, and hence potential neutrino sources, for which…
This paper describes a new measurement of the flux ratio of positive and negative muons from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern. The…
The presence of muons in air-showers initiated by cosmic ray protons and nuclei is well established as a powerful tool to separate such showers from those initiated by gamma-rays. However, so far this approach has been fully exploited only…
Cosmic ray muons have emerged as a non-conventional high-energy radiation probe to monitor dense and large objects. Muons are the most abundant cosmic radiation on Earth, however, their flux at sea level is approximately 10,000 min^-1m^-2…
We introduce neutrino astronomy from the observational fact that Nature accelerates protons and photons to energies in excess of 10^{20} and 10^{13} eV, respectively. Although the discovery of cosmic rays dates back close to a century, we…
This work discusses the perspectives to observe fluxes of high energy astrophysical neutrinos with the planned km3 telescopes. On the basis of the observations of GeV and TeV gamma-rays, and of ultra high energy cosmic rays, it is possible…
Cosmic-ray muons which impinge upon the Earth's surface can be used to image the density of geological and man-made materials located above a muon detector. The detectors used for these measurements must be capable of determining the muon…
The first optical modules of the Baikal high energy neutrino telescope have recently been deployed. Commissioning of the AMANDA, DUMAND and NESTOR detectors will follow soon. Before discussing the detectors we review the arguments that…
A measurement of the flux of neutrino-induced muons using the MACRO detector is presented. Different event topologies, corresponding to different neutrino parent energies can be detected. The upward throughgoing muon sample is the larger…
We report on a study of sub-TeV ($E_\gamma > 10$ GeV) gamma-ray-induced muon secondaries in coincidence with BATSE gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Each TeV gamma ray striking the atmosphere produces $\approx$0.2 muons whose identity and angle can…
The largest underground neutrino observatory, Super-Kamiokande, located near Kamioka, Japan has been collecting data since April 1996. It is located at a depth of roughly 2.7 kmwe in a zinc mine under a mountain, and has an effective area…
A method to search for neutrino induced showers from gamma-ray bursts in the ANTARES detector is presented. ANTARES consists of a three-dimensional array of photosensitive devices that measure Cherenkov light induced by charged particles…
The Milky Way contains hundreds of binary systems which are known to emit in radio and X-rays, but only a handful of binaries have been observed to produce very high-energy gamma rays. In addition, the emission mechanisms which produce the…
The lateral distribution of muons with ~1.0x\sec(\theta) GeV in extensive air showers within ~10^{17}-10^{19} eV energy region obtained during different observational periods from November 1987 to June 2013 has been analyzed. Experimental…
The recent detection of TeV gamma-rays from the microquasar LS 5039 by HESS is one of the most exciting discoveries of observational gamma-ray astronomy in the very high energy regime. This result clearly demonstrates that X-ray binaries…
The recent results from ground based $\gamma$-ray detectors (HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS) provide a population of TeV galactic $\gamma$-ray sources which are potential sources of High Energy (HE) neutrinos. Since the $\gamma$-rays and $\nu$ -s are…
We present recent results from the Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) on searches for high-energy neutrinos of extraterrestrial origin. We have searched for a diffuse flux of neutrinos, neutrino point sources and neutrinos…
The origin and nature of the cosmic rays is still uncertain. However, a big progress has been achieved in recent years due to the good quality data provided by current and recent cosmic-rays observatories. The cosmic ray flux decreases very…
With the arrival of powerful, ground-based gamma-ray detectors, we can now begin to seriously probe, via simultaneous X-ray/TeV observations, the origin of the gamma-ray emission in the blazars Mrk 421 and 501. If the synchrotron-Compton…
Neutrino astronomy offers a novel view of the non-thermal Universe and is complementary to other astronomical disciplines. The field has seen rapid progress in recent years, including the first detection of astrophysical neutrinos in the…