Related papers: Gauge Invariance and Unstable Particles
A general method is presented to build all gauge-invariant terms in gauge field theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum chromodynamics. It is applied to two experiments, light-by-light scattering and deep inelastic…
In condensed matter physics gauge symmetries other than the U(1) of electromagnetism are of an emergent nature. Two emergence mechanisms for gauge symmetry are well established: the way these arise in Kramers-Wannier type local-global…
We use the scattering approach to investigate the nonlinear current-voltage characteristic of mesoscopic conductors. We discuss the leading nonlinearity by taking into account the self-consistent nonequilibrium potential. We emphasize…
Gravitational waves (GWs) induced by scalar curvature fluctuations are an important source of the cosmological GW background and a crucial counterpart of the primordial black hole scenario. However, doubts have been cast on the…
"Physical theories of fundamental significance tend to be gauge theories. These are theories in which the physical system being dealt with is described by more variables than there are physically independent degree of freedom. The…
Run-and-tumble particles (RTPs) have emerged as a paradigmatic example for studying nonequilibrium phenomena in statistical mechanics. The invariant measure of a wide class of RTPs subjected to a potential possesses a density that is…
We construct new integrable systems describing particles with internal spin from four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ quiver gauge theories. The models can be quantized and solved exactly using the quantum inverse scattering method and also…
We propose a method for predicting the nonlinear saturation level of convective instabilities in neutral and magnetized fluids. The method combines Gardner's restacking algorithm, which computes the available energy and ground states of…
We consider a model of classical noncommutative particle in an external electromagnetic field. For this model, we prove the existence of generalized gauge transformations. Classical dynamics in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian form is discussed,…
Noncommutative version of D-dimensional relativistic particle is proposed. We consider the particle interacting with the configuration space variable $\theta^{\mu\nu}(\tau)$ instead of the numerical matrix. The corresponding Poincare…
The mutual compatibility of the dynamical equations and constraints describing a massive particle of arbitrary spin, though essential for consistency, is generically lost in the presence of interactions. The conventional Lagrangian approach…
Unstable pressure and u-equilibrium states are introduced and investigated for a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphsim $f$. We define the u-pressure $P^u(f, \varphi)$ of $f$ at a continuous function $\varphi$ via the dynamics of $f$ on local…
The question of gauge-covariance in the non-Abelian gauge-field formulation of two space-dimensional systems with spin-orbit coupling relevant to spintronics is investigated. Although, these are generally gauge-fixed models, it is found…
We study the shuttling instability in an array of three quantum dots the central one of which is movable. We extend the results by Armour and MacKinnon on this problem to a broader parameter regime. The results obtained by an efficient…
The gauge invariant electromagnetic Wigner equation is taken as the basis for a fluid-like system describing quantum plasmas, derived from the moments of the gauge invariant Wigner function. The use of the standard, gauge dependent Wigner…
Models of strong $WW$ scattering in the $s$-wave can be represented in a gauge invariant fashion by defining an effective scalar propagator that represents the strong scattering dynamics. The $\sigma(qq \ra qqWW)$ signal may then be…
Recently, it is shown that the extended phase space formulation of quantum mechanics is a suitable technique for studying the quantum dissipative systems. Here, as a further application of this formalism, we consider a dissipative system of…
In this paper the general form of scattering amplitudes for massless particles with equal spins s ($s s \to s s$) or unequal spins ($s_a s_b \to s_a s_b$) are derived. The imposed conditions are that the amplitudes should have the lowest…
An technique is extended to estimate some critical exponents without using the expansion over the coupling constant. The data obtained is in a agreement with those found by help of the 2D Onsager method or with recent 3D results. In the…
Contrary to the conventional view point of quantization that breaks the gauge symmetry, a gauge invariant formulation of quantum electrodynamics is proposed. Instead of fixing the gauge, some frame is chosen to yield the locally invariant…