Related papers: GAUGE INVARIANCE AND ANOMALOUS GAUGE BOSON COUPLIN…
Using the S--matrix pinch technique we obtain to one loop order gauge independent $\gamma W^-W^+$ and $Z W^-W^+$ vertices in the context of the standard model, with all incoming momenta off--shell. We show that the vertices so constructed…
We use the S-matrix pinch technique to derive to one loop-order gauge independent $\gamma W^{+} W^{-} $ and Z $W^{+} W^{-}$ vertices in the context of the Standard Model,with all three incoming momenta off-shell. We show that the $\gamma…
In the context of the Standard Model we extend the S--matrix pinch technique for non--conserved currents to the case of three boson vertices. We outline in detail how effective gauge invariant three boson vertices can be constructed, with…
In the context of the Standard Model we show how to apply the pinch technique to four-fermion amplitudes with non-conserved external charged currents,in order to construct to one-loop order gauge independent self-energies and vertices. We…
We outline the pinch technique for constructing gauge invariant Green's functions in gauge theories and derive the Ward identities that must be satisfied by the gauge invariant three boson vertices of the standard model. They are…
A gauge-independent approach to resonant transition amplitudes with nonconserved external currents is presented, which is implemented by the pinch technique. The analytic expressions derived with this method are $U(1)_{em}$ invariant,…
We apply the pinch technique , which is a method to construct the gauge independent off-shell Green's functions, to the process $e^-\gamma \rightarrow W^-\nu$ to study the effects of radiative corrections to $WW\gamma$ three gauge boson…
It is shown how to construct exactly gauge-invariant S-matrix elements for processes involving unstable gauge particles such as the $W$ and $Z^0$ bosons. The results are applied to derive a physically meaningful expression for the…
We use the S-matrix pinch technique to derive to one loop order an effective renormalizable self-energy for the W gauge boson, when the theory is quantized in the unitary gauge. We then show that this amplitude is identical to the…
The $S$-matrix is known to be independent of the gauge fixing parameter to all orders in perturbation theory. In this paper by employing the pinch technique we prove at one loop a stronger version of this independence. In particular we show…
For gauge theory, the matrix element for any physical process is independent of the gauge used. Since this is a formal statement and examples are known where gauge invariance is violated, for any specific process this gauge invariance needs…
The gauge-invariant three-gluon vertex obtained from the pinch technique is characterized by thirteen nonzero form factors, which are given in complete generality for unbroken gauge theory at one loop. The results are given in $d$…
The application of the background-field method to the electroweak Standard Model is reviewed and further explored. Special emphasis is put on questions of gauge invariance and gauge-parameter (in-)dependence. Owing to the gauge invariance…
The definition of the physical properties of particles in perturbative gauge theories must satisfy gauge invariance as a requisite. The Pinch Technique provides a framework to define the electromagnetic form factors and the electromagnetic…
The process $e^+e^-\rightarrow \bar \nu_e e^-W^+ \rightarrow\bar\nu_e e^-u\bar d$ is considered as an example of the problems associated with maintaining gauge invariance in matrix elements involving unstable particles. It is shown how to…
It is shown how the S-matrix pinch technique may be extended to the cases of external scalar and gauge boson fields. Using this extension, the universality of the pinch technique gauge-independent one-loop gauge boson self-energy in a…
A gauge- and renormalization-group- invariant approach implemented by the pinch technique is formulated for resonant transitions involving the Higgs boson. The lineshape of the Higgs boson is shown to consist of two distinct and physically…
The application of the background-field method to the electroweak Standard Model and its virtues are reviewed. Special emphasis is directed to the Ward identities that follow from the gauge invariance of the background-field effective…
The Global Color-symmetry Model of QCD is extended to deal with a background electromagnetic field and the associated conserved current is identified for composite $\bar{q}q$ pion modes of the model. Although the analysis is limited to tree…
In this review we look into the gauge-dependence of scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) that are second-order tensors produced by first-order scalar-modes. The method includes deriving the background, first- and second-order Einstein…