Related papers: Structure of Light
This small review is devoted to $\gamma\gamma$ collisions including methods of creating the colliding $\gamma \gamma$ beams of high energy and physical problems which can be solved or clarified in such collisions. Contents: 1. Introduction…
Protons and neutrons are the building blocks of matter, glued together in nuclei by strong interactions. They can be excited by pions, real and virtual photons, neutrinos and other probes. These excitations are referred to as light baryon…
We possess convincing experimental evidence for the fact that the real photon has non-trivial parton structure. On the other hand, interactions of the cosmic microwave background photons with high energy particles propagating through the…
The present knowledge of the structure of the photon based on measurements of photon structure functions is discussed. This review covers QED structure functions and the hadronic structure function F_2^gamma.
A number of characteristics of the new fundamental interaction are described. The interaction is carried by a massless pseudoscalar boson and extends to at least the electron neutrino, proton, and neutron. A substantiation of the existence…
The hybridization of light and matter excitations in the form of polaritons has enabled major advances in understanding and controlling optical nonlinearities. Entering the quantum regime of strong interactions between individual photons…
The strong electromagnetic fields in peripheral heavy ion collisions give rise to photon-photon and photon-nucleus interactions. I present a general survey of the photon-photon and photon-hadron physics accessible in these collisions. Among…
A short overview of basics aspects of hadronic interaction of the photon is presented.
LHC collisions can act as a source of photons in the initial state. This mechanism plays an important role in the production of particles with electroweak couplings, and a precise account of photon-initiated (PI) production at the LHC is a…
Linear colliders offer a unique possibility to study gamma gamma and gamma electron interactions at the energies 0.1--2 TeV. This option is now included in design reports of NLC, JLC and TESLA/SBLC. This paper includes: status of photon…
It is shown that by assuming Gribov factorization to hold at low $x$ one obtains a simple relation between the structure function of the proton and that of the photon. By interpreting an observed structure in deep inelastic scattering (DIS)…
The two opposite concepts - multiphoton and effective photon - readily describing the photoelectric effect under strong irradiation in the case that the energy of the incident light is essentially smaller than the ionisation potential of…
Examples are given of the usefulness of electrons in interaction with nuclei for probing fundamental interactions and structure
Any consideration of future physics facilities must be made in the context of the Tevatron and the LHC. I discuss some examples of physics results which could emerge from these machines and the resulting questions which would remain for a…
The collisions of high energy photons produced at an electron-positron collider provide a comprehensive laboratory for testing QCD, electroweak interactions, and extensions of the Standard Model. The luminosity and energy of the colliding…
We do not understand light. I argue that a terascale photon collider is necessary to determine the structure of the photon at 100 GeV. Uncertainties in photon parton distribution functions lead to cross section predictions that vary by a…
After briefly explaining the idea of photon structure functions (\f2gam\ , \flgam) I review the current theoretical and experimental developements in the subject of extraction of \qvph\ from a study of the Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS). I…
After years of experimental and theoretical efforts, direct photons become a strong and reliable tool to establish the basic characteristics of a hot and dense matter produced in heavy ion collisions. The recent direct photon measurements…
The dark photon is a new gauge boson whose existence has been conjectured. It is dark because it arises from a symmetry of a hypothetical dark sector comprising particles completely neutral under the Standard Model interactions. Dark though…
Present data on the partonic content of the photon are reviewed. The results on the unpolarized structure functions from DIS experiments and on large pt jet production processes in gamma-gamma and gamma-p collisions are discussed for both…