Related papers: Inside the Quarks
From the Dirac sea concept, the BCC model infers that the quarks u and d constitute a body center cubic quark lattice in the vacuum; when a quark $q^*$ is excited from the vacuum, the nearest primitive cell u' and d' is accompanying excited…
We propose a four-quark structure for some of the excited states of heavy mesons containing a single charm or bottom quark. The four-quark wave functions are constructed based on a diquark-antidiquark form under the constraint that they…
The mass spectra of the excited heavy baryons consisting of two light (u,d,s) and one heavy (c,b) quarks are calculated in the heavy-quark--light-diquark approximation within the constituent quark model. The light quarks, forming the…
From the Dirac sea concept, we infer that a body center cubic quark lattice exists in the vacuum. Adapting the electron Dirac equation, we get a special quark Dirac equation. Using its low-energy approximation, we deduced the rest masses of…
We study the triply heavy spin-1/2 baryons with quark contents $ ccb $ and $ bbc $, and calculate their mass and residue using QCD sum rules. In the calculations, we consider the ground (1S), first orbitally excited (1P) and first radially…
We discuss the quark masses in a top condensate model where not only two quark but also four quark composite states may exist. We show that the presence of the top color group SU(3)_1\times SU(3)_2 with the correct non anomalous quark…
A quark model, which reproduces the ground-state mesons and baryons, i.e., the threshold energies, is applied to the $qqqc\bar c$ configurations, where $q$ is a light quark and~$c$ the charmed quark. In the calculation, several open…
We assume that the u quarks and the d quarks constitute a body center cubic quark lattice in the vacuum. Using energy band theory, we deduce an excited quark spectrum (from the quark lattice). Using the accompanying excitation concept, we…
If quark matter is energetically favored over nuclear matter at zero temperature and pressure then it has long been expected to take the form of strange quark matter (SQM), with comparable amounts of $u$, $d$, $s$ quarks. The possibility of…
The Standard Model while successful in many ways is incomplete; many questions remain. The origin of quark masses and hadronization of quarks are awaiting an answer. From the Dirac sea concept, we infer that two kinds of elementary quarks…
We discuss the quantum mechanics of coalescence of quark-antiquark pairs into mesons using a non-relativistic quark model. We derive the coalescence probabilities assuming a harmonic oscillator potential and generic Gaussian wave packet…
A discussion is presented of the estimates of the energy and width of resonances in constituent models, with focus on the tetraquark states containing heavy quarks.
If quarks are composite particles, then excited states are expected to play a r\^ole in the Large Hadron Collider phenomena. Concentrating on virtual effects, and using a large part of the CMS detection criteria, we present here a realistic…
In this contribution, we present a study of ground- and excited-state $\Omega_c$ and $\Omega_b$ baryons consisting of two strange quarks and a heavy charm or bottom quark. An analysis in the quark model shows that the recently observed…
The Strange Quark matter (SQM) hypothesis states that at extreme pressure and density conditions a new ground state of matter would arise, in which half of the \textit{down} quarks become strange quarks. If true, it would mean that at least…
The theory of the strong force, quantum chromodynamics, describes the proton in terms of quarks and gluons. The proton is a state of two up quarks and one down quark bound by gluons, but quantum theory predicts that in addition there is an…
This paper gives an brief overview of the structure of hypothetical strange quarks stars (quark stars, for short), which are made of absolutely stable 3-flavor strange quark matter. Such objects can be either bare or enveloped in thin…
Recently, the experimental results of LHCb Collaboration suggested the existence of five new excited states of $\Omega_c^0$, $\Omega_c(3000)^0$, $\Omega_c(3050)^0$, $\Omega_c(3066)^0$, $\Omega_c(3090)^0$ and $\Omega_c(3119)^0$, the quantum…
The masses of the ground state heavy baryons consisting of two light (u,d,s) and one heavy (c,b) quarks are calculated in the heavy-quark--light-diquark approximation within the constituent quark model. The light quarks, forming the…
A potential model for four interacting quarks is constructed in SU(2) from six basis states -- the three partitions into quark pairs, where the gluon field is either in its ground state or first excited state. With four independent…