Related papers: Photon Structure: QCD Treatment and Parton Densiti…
The QCD treatment of the photon structure is recalled. Emphasis is given to the recently derived momentum sum rule, and to the proper choice of the factorization scheme and/or boundary conditions for the evolution equations beyond the…
The QCD treatment of the parton structure of virtual photons is briefly recalled, and possible limitations and open questions are pointed out. Various models for these densities are compared, completed by a short discussion of the treatment…
We discuss the structure functions and the parton distributions in the virtual photon target, both polarized and unpolarized, beyond the leading order in QCD. We study the factorization-scheme dependence of the parton distributions.
The concept of the structure of the photon is discussed and the progress in the measurement of various structure functions of the photon as well of parton distributions in the photon is shortly reviewed.
We present a systematic analysis of the processes $e^+ ~e^- \rightarrow e^+ ~e^- X$ to study the polarised and unpolarised photon structure functions. The effect of target photon mass, which manifests itself as new singly polarised…
The QCD structure of the electron is defined and calculated. The leading order splitting functions are extracted, showing an important contribution from $\gamma$-$Z$ interference. Leading logarithmic QCD evolution equations are constructed…
We review the different approaches used to treat the photon structure function. We suggest that despite some uncertainties it should remain sensitive to $\Lambda .$
We investigate the virtual photon structure function in the supersymmetric QCD (SQCD), where we have squarks and gluinos in addition to the quarks and gluons. Taking into account the heavy particle mass effects to the leading order in QCD…
We discuss in detail the photon structure function beyond the leading logarithm approximation. Of special concern is the factorization scheme and the hadronic input; we show how to naturally absorb large terms due to the MSbar factorization…
Parameter-free and perturbatively stable leading order (LO) and next-to-leading order (NLO) parton densities for real and virtual photons are presented.
The increasing precision of the measurements on the proton structure and an improved treatment of the correlated systematic experimental errors constitute a major step forward in our understanding of the flavour decomposition of the proton…
Measurements of jet, prompt photon, high-pT hadron and heavy quark production in photon-induced processes provide tests of QCD and are sensitive to the photon parton densities. A review of the latest experimental results in photon-photon…
The theoretical framework for a next-to-leading order QCD analysis of the spin-dependent parton densities Delta f^{gamma}(x,Q^2) of the longitudinally polarized photon and of its structure function g_1^{gamma}(x,Q^2) is reviewed in some…
We briefly recall the main physical features of the parton distributions in the quantum statistical picture of the nucleon. Some predictions from a next-to-leading order QCD analysis are compared to recent experimental results.
The QCD corrections to photon structure functions are defined in a way consistent with the factorization scheme invariance. It is shown that the conventional DIS$_{\gamma}$ factorization scheme does not respect this invariance and is thus…
The QCD structure of the electroweak bosons is reviewed and the lepton structure function is defined and calculated. The leading order splitting functions of electron into quarks are extracted, showing an important contribution from…
Photon structure function has been a solid platform in testing strong interaction along with nucleon structure function. Strong Interaction has the property that it is perturbatively calculable at high energy but becomes non-perturbative at…
In the framework of the QCD parton model, we study unpolarized scattering of high energy real photons from a proton target into lepton pairs and a system of hadrons. For a given parametrization of parton distributions in the proton, we…
A QCD analysis of the nuclear parton distributions and structure functions in the NLO is performed by using the world data. By having bounded parton distributions for a nuclear with atomic number A, we can obtain the nuclear structure…
The novel possibilities of probing the photon structure and high energy limit of QCD at photon colliders are summarised. We discuss the photon structure function $F_2^{\gamma}(x,Q^2)$, the gluon distribution in the photon and the spin…