Related papers: Fluctuations in the Mixed Event Technique
Several theoretical results concerning event-by-event fluctuations are discussed: (1) a role of the global conservation laws and concept of statistical ensembles; (2) strongly intensive measures are introduced; they give a possibility to…
In this review, we systematically examine the principles and the practices of fluctuations such as the momentum and the charge fluctuations as applied to the heavy ion collisions. Main emphases are: (i) Fluctuations as signals of phase…
We discuss an event-by-event fluctuation analysis of particle production in heavy ion collisions. We compare different approaches to the evaluation of the event-by-event dynamical fluctuations in quantities defined on groups of particles,…
Event-by-event observables are compared with conventional inclusive measurements. We find that moments of event-by-event fluctuations are closely related to inclusive correlation functions. Implications for upcomming heavy ion experiments…
Various measures for the dynamical event-mean transverse momentum fluctuation are compared with the real dynamical fluctuation using a Monte Carlo model. The variance calculated from the G-moments can reproduce the dynamical variance well,…
The evaluation of the probability of union of a large number of independent events requires several combinations involving the factorial and the use of high performance computers with several hours of processing. Bounds and simplifications…
We provide a critical overview of the $\Phi$ measure of fluctuations and correlations. In particular we show that its discriminating power is rather limited in situations encountered in experiment.
We investigate the effect of nonextensive statistics as applied to the chemical fluctuations in high-energy nuclear collisions discussed recently using the event-by-event analysis of data. It turns out that very minuite nonextensitivity…
It is demonstrated that in low multiplicity sample, the increase of the fluctuation of event-factorial-moments with the diminishing of phase space scale, called ``erraticity'', are dominated by the statistical fluctuations. The erraticity…
We generalize and extend the recently proposed method to account for contributions of system size (or volume/participant) fluctuations to the experimentally measured moments of particle multiplicity distributions. We find that in the…
We develop an innovative and unbiased procedure, based on event mixing, to account for unavoidable contributions from volume (or system size) fluctuations to experimentally measured moments of particle multiplicity distributions produced in…
The analysis of the statistical and dynamical fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions on an event-by-event basis strongly relies on a comparison with specially constructed artificial events where statistical fluctuations and kinematical…
The influence of multiplicity distribution (fluctuation of multiplicity in the event space) on the erraticity behaviour in high energy collisions is investigated via Monte Carlo simulation and compared with the experimental results from…
Basic ideas, methods and results related to the NA61/SHINE study of event-by-event fluctuations in high energy nuclear collisions are briefly reviewed.
A method to study event--by--event fluctuations of the `chemical' (particle type) composition of the final state of high energy collisions is proposed.}
The Phi-measure of event-by-event fluctuations in high-energy heavy-ion collisions corresponds to the second moment of the fluctuating quantity distribution of interest. It is shown that the measure based on the third moment preserves the…
A procedure for the evaluation of correlators of any order in a reasonable computer time is presented. Connection between correlators and fluctuations of the event mean values of observables is discussed. Extension of the procedure to…
Optical tweezers allow the measurement of fluctuations at the nano-scale, in particular fluctuations in the end-to-end distance in single molecules. Fluctuation spectra can yield valuable information, but they can easily be contaminated by…
Fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities are fundamental to the study of QGP phase transition. Event-by-event fluctuations of many quantities have been studied by dedicated heavy-ion experiments. A brief review of recent experimental…
The fluctuation theorem is a pivotal result of statistical physics. It quantifies the probability of observing fluctuations which are in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. More specifically, it quantifies the ratio of the…