Related papers: Fluctuations at Phase Transitions
The question of a phase transition in exiting the Planck epoch of the early universe is addressed. An order parameter is proposed to help decide the issue, and estimates are made concerning its behavior. Our analysis is suggestive that a…
This contribution presents a review of our present theoretical as well as experimental knowledge of different fluctuation observables relevant to nuclear multifragmentation. The possible connection between the presence of a fluctuation peak…
Vortices are pervasive in nature, representing the breakdown of laminar fluid flow and hence playing a key role in turbulence. The fluid rotation associated with a vortex can be parameterized by the circulation $\Gamma=\oint {\rm d}{\bf…
The Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson hamiltonian is studied for different values of the parameter $\lambda$ which multiplies the quartic term (it turns out that this is equivalent to consider different values of the coherence length $\xi$ in units of…
The mechanism for the transition of a Bose gas to the superfluid state via thermal fluctuations is considered. It is shown that in the process of external cooling some critical fluctuations (instantons) are formed above the critical…
Liquid 4He has been studied extensively for almost a century, but there are still a number of outstanding weak or missing links in our comprehension of it. This paper reviews some of the principal paths taken in previous research and then…
Phase transitions are ubiquitous in nature, ranging from protein folding and denaturisation, to the superconductor-insulator quantum phase transition, to the decoupling of forces in the early universe. Remarkably, phase transitions can be…
We review the current issues of nonequilibrium phase transitions, in particular, in the early universe. Phase transitions cannot maintain thermal equilibrium and become nonequilibrium when the thermal relaxation time scale is greater than…
The formalism used in describing the thermodynamics of abrupt (or first-order) phase transitions is reviewed as an application of maximum entropy inference. In this treatment, we show that the concepts of transition temperature, latent heat…
We consider nonlinear boson states with a nontrivial phase structure in the three-site Bose-Hubbard ring, {\em quantum discrete vortices} (or {\em q-vortices}), and study their "melting" under the action of quantum fluctuations. We…
In the process of work it has been found that space-time quantum fluctuations are naturally described in terms of the deformation parameter introduced on going from the well-known quantum mechanics to that at Planck scales and put forward…
Using the renormalization group method, new type of fluctuation-driven first order phase transitions and critical phenomena are predicted for certain classes of ferromagnetic superconductors and superfluids with unconventional…
Vortex dynamics in fermionic superfluids is carefully considered from the microscopic point of view. Finite temperatures, as well as impurities, are explicitly incorporated. To enable readers understand the physical implications,…
The onset of turbulent flow around an oscillating sphere in superfluid $^4$He is known to occur at a critical velocity $v_c \sim \sqrt{\kappa\omega}$ where $\kappa$ is the circulation quantum and $\omega$ is the oscillation frequency. But…
We discuss the position in configuration space of the electroweak vortex solution. (Talk given at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Electroweak Physics and the Early Universe", Sintra, Portugal, March 1994)
The role of turbulence and turbulent mixing in the formation and evolution of the early universe is examined. A new quantum-gravitational-dynamics model suggests that the mechanism of the hot big bang is functionally equivalent to the…
Concepts from elementary quantum mechanics can be used to understand vortex line fluctuations in high-temperature superconductors. Flux lines are essentially classical objects, described by a string tension, their mutual repulsion, and…
Motivated by the study of cosmological phase transitions, our understanding of the formation of topological defects during spontaneous symmetry-breaking and the associated non-equilibrium field theory has recently changed. Experiments have…
We propose a new model for the nature of the nucleation of solid from the superfluid phases of $^4$He and $^3$He. Unique to the superfluid phases the solid nucleation involves an extremely fast solidification front. This results in a local…
Rapid new developments have occurred in superfluid hydrodynamics since the discovery of a host of unusual phenomena which arise from the diverse structure and dynamics of quantized vortices in 3He superfluids. These have been studied in…