Related papers: Confinement and the Pion Nucleon Sigma Term
The structure of the $\sigma$ meson and the diamagnetism of the nucleon are shown to be topics which are closely related to each other. Arguments are found that the $\sigma$ meson couples to two photons via its non-strange $q\bar{q}$…
A hypothetical energy quantization condition is imposed in [1] (Francisco A. Cruz Neto {\it et al.}, arXiv : 1910.11701 [gr-qc]) in order to show consistent of the result with those in [2] but fail or unable to show consistency with those…
The strong interaction is the fundamental force that holds quarks and the gluon force carriers together to form protons and neutrons and also binds the atomic nucleus. The theory governing quark-gluon interactions is Quantum Chromodynamics…
We present a calculation of the nucleon sigma term on two-flavor QCD configurations with dynamical overlap fermions. We analyse the lattice data for the nucleon mass using the baryon chiral perturbation theory. Using partially quenched data…
The pion structure function is investigated in a simple pseudo-scalar coupling model of pion and constituent quark fields. The imaginary part of the forward Compton scattering amplitude is evaluated. We show that the introduction of…
Almost 50 years after the discovery of gluons & quarks, we are only just beginning to understand how QCD builds the basic bricks for nuclei: neutrons, protons, and the pions that bind them. QCD is characterised by two emergent phenomena:…
The scalar strangeness content of the nucleon, characterized by the so-called strangeness-nucleon sigma term, is of fundamental importance in understanding its sea-quark flavor structure. We report a determination of the octet baryon sigma…
The $\sigma$-terms are calculated at next-to-leading order in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory by employing a cutoff regularization. The results do not depend on the cutoff value to the order we are working . The baryon masses and…
We compare two approaches in supersymmetric confinement, the Seiberg formulation and the superconvergence rule. For the latter, the critical point is $\gamma_{00}=0$ in the Landau gauge. We find $4\gamma_{00}=\beta_0$ is the critical point…
A natural mechanism for finite temperature quark confinement arises via the coupling of the adjoint Polyakov loop to the chromomagnetic field. Lattice simulations and analytical results both support this hypothesis. Finite temperature SU(3)…
The quark condensate in nuclear matter contains a term of order $\rho m_\pi$, arising from the contribution of low-momentum virtual pions to the $\pi N$ sigma commutator. Standard treatments of QCD sum rules for a nucleon in matter generate…
New types of confinement phase emerge as singular SCFT's appearing as infrared-fixed-points of N=2 supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) are perturbed by an N=1 adjoint mass term. Based on a recent remarkable work on infrared-fixed-point SCFT of…
We study the relation between quark confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD. Using lattice QCD formalism, we analytically express the various "confinement indicators", such as the Polyakov loop, its fluctuations, the Wilson loop,…
We examine the phase structure of massive Yang-Mills theory in 1+1 dimensions. This theory is equivalent to a gauged principal chiral sigma model. It has been previously shown that the gauged theory has only a confined phase, and no Higgs…
A modified linear sigma model that allows for $g_A = 1.26$ by addition of vector and pseudovector $\pi N$ coupling terms was discussed by Bjorken and Nauenberg and by Lee. In this extended linear sigma model the elastic $\pi $N scattering…
Recently, a principle for state confinement has been proposed in a category theoretic framework and to accomodate this result the notion of a pre-monoidal category was developed. Here we describe an algebraic approach for the construction…
The study of Yang-Mills theories in three dimensions is an insightful playground to grasp important features for the four-dimensional case. Additionally, in three dimensions, the Chern-Simons term can be introduced with a mass parameter of…
We study SU(2) three-dimensional Yang-Mills theories in presence of Higgs fields in the light of the Gribov phenomenon. By restricting the domain of integration in the functional integral to the first Gribov horizon, we are able to discuss…
We analyze the octet baryon masses and the pion--nucleon $\sigma$--term in the framework of heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. In contrast to previous investigations, we include {\it all} terms up-to-and-including quadratic order in…
We give a new criterion of quark confinement/deconfinement by deriving a low-energy effective theory of QCD. The effective theory can explain Abelian dominance in low-energy physics of QCD, especially, quark confinement. Finally, we apply…