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We discuss a new scenario for early cosmology, when inflationary de Sitter phase dynamically emergent. This genuine quantum effect occurs as a result of dynamics of the topologically nontrivial sectors in a (conjectured) strongly coupled…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-08-13 Ariel R. Zhitnitsky

Reformulating the instantons in a complex plane for tunneling or transmitting states, we calculate the pair-production rate of charged fermions in a spatially localized electric field, illustrated by the Sauter electric field E_0 sech^2…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Sang Pyo Kim , Don N. Page

In light of the recent swampland conjectures, we explore quantum cosmology and eternal inflation beyond the slow roll regime. We consider a model of a closed universe with a scalar field $\phi$ in the framework of tunneling approach to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-19 Georgios Fanaras , Alexander Vilenkin

During de Sitter inflation massless particles of minimally coupled scalar fields acquire a mass and a decay width thereby becoming \emph{quasiparticles}. For bare massless particles non-perturbative infrared radiative corrections lead to a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-06-19 Daniel Boyanovsky

In this lecture I will review the present status of inflation within string-based brane-world scenarios. The idea is to start from a supersymmetric configuration with two parallel static Dp-branes, and slightly break the supersymmetry…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Juan Garcia-Bellido

We consider the vacuum decay of the flat Minkowski space to an anti-de Sitter space. We find a one-parameter family of potentials that allow exact, analytical instanton solutions describing tunneling without barriers in the presence of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-12-09 Sugumi Kanno , Misao Sasaki , Jiro Soda

We perform first-principles relativistic particle-in-cell simulations of aligned pulsar magnetosphere. We allow free escape of particles from the surface of a neutron star and continuously populate the magnetosphere with neutral pair plasma…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-08 Alexander Philippov , Anatoly Spitkovsky

We employ Riesz's fractional derivative into the Wheeler--DeWitt equation for a closed de Sitter geometry and obtain the no-boundary and tunneling wavefunctions. From the corresponding probability distributions, the event horizon of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-05 S. Jalalzadeh , E. W. Oliveira Costa , P. V. Moniz

We study inflationary models where the kinetic sector of the theory has a non-linearly realised symmetry which is broken by the inflationary potential. We distinguish between kinetic symmetries which non-linearly realise an internal or…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-04 Remko Klein , Diederik Roest , David Stefanyszyn

We study the quantum-mechanical generation of gravitational waves during inflation on a brane embedded in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter bulk. To make the problem well-posed, we consider the setup in which both initial and final phases…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Tsutomu Kobayashi , Takahiro Tanaka

The primordial inflation dilutes all matter except the quantum fluctuations which we see in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Therefore the last phases of inflation must be embedded within a beyond the Standard Model (SM)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-02-06 Celine Boehm , Jonathan Da Silva , Anupam Mazumdar , Ernestas Pukartas

During single clock inflation, hidden fields (i.e. fields coupled to the inflaton only gravitationally) in their adiabatic vacua can ordinarily only affect observables through virtual effects. After renormalizing background quantities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-30 Adrian del Rio , Ruth Durrer , Subodh P. Patil

We revisit the problem of charged string pair creation in a constant external electric field. The string states are massive and creation of pairs from the vacuum is a tunnelling process, analogous to the Schwinger process where charged…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-06-13 James Gordon , Gordon W. Semenoff

Cosmological acceleration is difficult to accommodate in theories of fundamental interactions involving supergravity and superstrings. An alternative is that the acceleration is not universal but happens in a large localized region, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-20 Anxo Biasi , Oleg Evnin , Spyros Sypsas

Schwinger pair production is analyzed in a BPST instanton background and in its SL$(2,\mathbb{C})$ complex extension for complex scalar particles. A non-Abelian extension of the worldline instanton method is utilized, wherein Wong's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-12 Patrick Copinger , Pablo Morales

We treat a model in which tensor perturbations of de~Sitter spacetime, represented as a spatially flat model, are modified by the effects of the vacuum fluctuations of a massless conformally invariant field, such as the electromagnetic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-05 Jen-Tsung Hsiang , L. H. Ford , Da-Shin Lee , Hoi-Lai Yu

We consider the cosmological model of a self-interacting $\phi^4 - \phi^2$ quantum scalar field and extend our previous results, [3], on resonant tunneling and consequent particle production, to the case of finite temperature. Using the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Mersini

Similarly to the well-known phenomenon of particle / anti-particle pair production in strong electromagnetic fields (the Schwinger effect), the na\"ive matter field vacuum state can be excited by time-dependent, curved spacetime geometries.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-11 Mohammed Alkhateeb , James P. Edwards , Yves Caudano

We investigate the radiative processes of a quantum system composed by two identical two-level atoms in the de Sitter spacetime, interacting with a conformally coupled massless scalar field prepared in the de Sitter-invariant vacuum. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-05 Xiaobao Liu , Zehua Tian , Jieci Wang , Jiliang Jing

We construct a gravitational dual of the pseudo-conformal universe, a proposed alternative to inflation in which a conformal field theory in nearly flat space develops a time dependent vacuum expectation value. Constructing this dual…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-02-02 Kurt Hinterbichler , James Stokes , Mark Trodden