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Cayley's formula states that there are $n^{n-2}$ spanning trees in the complete graph on $n$ vertices; it has been proved in more than a dozen different ways over its 150 year history. The complete graphs are a special case of threshold…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-09 Stephen R. Chestnut , Donniell E. Fishkind

The general solution of M\o ller's field equations in case of spherical symmetry is derived. The previously obtained solutions are verified as special cases of the general solution.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 F. I. Mikhail , M. I. Wanas , E. I. Lashin , Ahmed Hindawi

Certain classical field theories admit a formal multi-particle solution, known as the perturbiner expansion, that serves as a generating function for all the tree-level scattering amplitudes and the Berends-Giele recursion relations they…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-11-13 Cristhiam Lopez-Arcos , Alexander Quintero Vélez

Tree amplitudes of any gauge theory and gravity can be factorized into primitive three-particle amplitudes by the BCFW recursion relations. We show that the amplitudes at any perturbation order are given by tree amplitudes with additional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-12-13 Markos Maniatis

We consider the tree amplitudes of production of $n_2$ scalar particles by $n_1$ particles of another kind, where both initial and final particles are at rest and on mass shell, in a model of two scalar fields with $O(2)$ symmetric…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. V. Libanov , V. A. Rubakov , S. V. Troitsky

In this note we classify when a skew Schur function is a positive linear combination of power sum symmetric functions. We then use this to determine precisely when any scalar multiple of a skew Schur function is the chromatic symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-03 Soojin Cho , Stephanie van Willigenburg

We develop an approximation scheme for our worldsheet model of the sum of planar diagrams based on mean field theory. At finite coupling the mean field equations show a weak coupling solution that resembles the perturbative diagrams and a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Korkut Bardakci , Charles B. Thorn

We generalize the definition and enumeration of spanning trees from the setting of graphs to that of arbitrary-dimensional simplicial complexes $\Delta$, extending an idea due to G. Kalai. We prove a simplicial version of the Matrix-Tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-05 Art M. Duval , Caroline J. Klivans , Jeremy L. Martin

This paper describes how many known graph polynomials arise from the coefficients of chromatic symmetric function expansions in different bases, and studies a new polynomial arising by expanding over a basis given by chromatic symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-18 William Chan , Logan Crew

Quantum algorithms for several problems in graph theory are considered. Classical algorithms for finding the lowest weight path between two points in a graph and for finding a minimal weight spanning tree involve searching over some space.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mark Heiligman

We classify almost all classical string configurations, considered in the framework of the semi-classical limit of the string/gauge theory duality. Then, we describe a procedure for obtaining the conserved quantities and the exact classical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Aleksandrova , P. Bozhilov

The great innovation of the Generalized Theorem is that it gives us the philosophy to work out the knowledge that the number of roots of an equation depends on the subfields of the functional terms of the equation they generate. Thus, the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Nikos Mantzakouras

The periodic discrete Toda equation defined over finite fields has been studied. We obtained the finite graph structures constructed by the network of states where edges denote possible time evolutions. We simplify the graphs by introducing…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2019-06-19 Masataka Kanki , Yuki Takahashi , Tetsuji Tokihiro

We prove a theorem computing the number of solutions to a system of equations which is generic subject to the sparsity conditions embodied in a graph. We apply this theorem to games obeying graphical models and to extensive-form games. We…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ruchira S. Datta

For any connected multigraph $G=(V,E)$ and any $M\subseteq E$, if $M$ induces an acyclic subgraph of $G$ and removing all edges in $M$ yields a subgraph of $G$ whose components are complete graphs, a formula for $\tau_G(M)$ is obtained,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-18 Fengming Dong

The observed output of an interferometer is the result of interference among the parts of the input light beam traveling along each possible optical path. In complex systems, writing down all these possible optical paths and computing their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 Bruno Melo , Igor Brandão , Carlos Tomei , Thiago Guerreiro

We consider the rooted trees which not have isomorphic representation and introduce a conception of complexity a natural number also. The connection between quantity such trees with $n$ edges and a complexity of natural number $n$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-03 B. S. Kochkarev

We survey some results that provide different versions of classical results through different summability methods. Specifically, in order to adapt such classical results, we analyze which properties should satisfy the summability methods.…

In classical potential theory, one can solve the Dirichlet problem on unbounded domains such as the upper half plane. These domains have two types of boundary points; the usual finite boundary points and another point at infinity. W. Woess…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-06-25 Tony Perkins

The complexity of a graph is the number of its labeled spanning trees. In this work complexity is studied in settings that admit regular graphs. An exact formula is established linking complexity of the complement of a regular graph to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Gregory P Constantine , Gregory Magda