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Many have argued that research on grand unification or local realistic physics will not be truly relevant until it makes predictions verified by experiment, different from the prediction of prior theory (the standard model). This paper…
Spectral data is routinely broadened in order to improve appearance, approximate a higher sampling level or model experimental measurement effects. While there has been extensive work in the signal processing field to develop efficient…
New forms of empirical formulae that provide an approximate description of the decay of shock pressure with distance in hypervelocity impacts are proposed. These forms, which are intended for use in applications such as large-scale mantle…
Low-rank approximation is a fundamental technique in modern data analysis, widely utilized across various fields such as signal processing, machine learning, and natural language processing. Despite its ubiquity, the mechanics of low-rank…
Structure formation at small cosmological scales provides an important frontier for dark matter (DM) research. Scenarios with small DM particle masses, large momenta or hidden interactions tend to suppress the gravitational clustering at…
The rare decay $B^0_s \to \mu^+\mu^-$ plays a key role for the testing of the Standard Model. It is pointed out that the sizable decay width difference $\Delta\Gamma_s$ of the $B_s$-meson system affects this channel in a subtle way. As a…
The scattering of a weakly bound (halo) projectile nucleus by a heavy target nucleus is investigated. A new approach, called the Uncorrelated Scattering Approximation, is proposed. The main approximation involved is to neglect the…
I review recent lattice results on the spectrum and structure of baryons. Limitations due to the quenched approximation and un-physically heavy up and down quarks are discussed, and interfaces between first principles studies of QCD (or…
A large fraction of the information collected by cosmological surveys is simply discarded to avoid lengthscales which are difficult to model theoretically. We introduce a new technique which enables the extraction of useful information from…
Two aspects of neural networks that have been extensively studied in the recent literature are their function approximation properties and their training by gradient descent methods. The approximation problem seeks accurate approximations…
With a mass at least six orders of magnitudes smaller than the mass of an electron -- but non-zero -- neutrinos are a clear misfit in the Standard Model of Particle Physics. On the one hand, its tiny mass makes the neutrino one of the most…
We formulate the Lagrangian perturbation theory to solve the non-linear dynamics of self-gravitating fluid within the framework of the post-Newtonian approximation in general relativity, using the (3+1) formalism. Our formulation coincides…
Physicists routinely need probabilistic models for a number of tasks such as parameter inference or the generation of new realizations of a field. Establishing such models for highly non-Gaussian fields is a challenge, especially when the…
If dark matter has a finite size, the intrinsic interaction responsible for the structure formation is inevitable from the perspective of dark matter self-scattering. To describe the circumstance in which the binding force realizes the…
Chiral symmetry serves as a guiding principle in low-energy hadron dynamics. An effective lagrangian, which explicitly breaks chiral symmetry via a small mass term, allows for a systematic method of calculating higher order corrections to…
It has been clear for past many years that in low energy observables new physics can only appear as a perturbation. Therefore precise theoretical predictions and precise experimental measurements have become mandatory. Here we draw…
A critical assessment of the available calculations of the top quark width is presented. QCD corrections, the finite mass of the $b$ quark and the effect of the $W$ width are included as well as the electroweak corrections. The relative…
Systems of interacting charges and fields are ubiquitous in physics. Recently, it has been shown that Hamiltonians derived using different gauges can yield different physical results when matter degrees of freedom are truncated to a few…
In this work we study the applicability of the Equivalence Theorem, either for unitary models or within an effective lagrangian approach. There are two types of limitations: the existence of a validity energy window and the use of the…
Cosmological perturbations with wavelengths smaller than Hubble radius can be handled in the context of Newtonian theory with very high accuracy. The application of this Newtonian approximation, however, is restricted to nonrelativistic…