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The damping effect of the free-streaming neutrinos on the second order gravitational waves is investigated in detail. We solve the Boltzmann equation and give the anisotropic stress induced by neutrinos to second order. The first order…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-08 Xukun Zhang , Jing-Zhi Zhou , Zhe Chang

We analyze the effects of lepton asymmetry on neutrino oscillations and on cosmological nucleosynthesis with active-sterile oscillating neutrinos. It is shown that small lepton asymmetries, L < 0.01, whose direct kinetic effect on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Daniela Kirilova , Mihail Chizhov

We discuss the interplay between lepton asymmetry L and neutrino oscillations in the early Universe. Neutrino oscillations may suppress or enhance previously existing L. On the other hand L is capable to suppress or enhance neutrino…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-14 Daniela Kirilova

A cosmic lepton asymmetry $\eta_{\text{l}}=(n_{\text{l}}-n_{\bar{\text{l}}})/n_{\gamma}$ affects the primordial helium abundance and the expansion rate of the early Universe. Both of these effects have an impact on the anisotropies of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-25 Isabel M. Oldengott , Dominik J. Schwarz

We argue that a cosmic neutrino background that carries non-zero lepton charge develops gravitational instabilities. Fundamentally, these instabilities are related to the mixed gravity-lepton number anomaly. We have explicitly computed the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-01-27 Neil D. Barrie , Archil Kobakhidze

After their generation, cosmological backgrounds of gravitational waves propagate nearly freely but for the expansion of the Universe and the anisotropic stress of free-streaming particles. Primordial signals -- both that from inflation and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Marilena Loverde , Zachary J. Weiner

Propagation of fermions in curved space-time generates a gravitational interaction due to the coupling between spin of the fermion and space-time curvature. This gravitational interaction, which is an axial-vector appears as the CPT…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-09 Banibrata Mukhopadhyay

In this paper we study the effect of the anisotropic stress generated by neutrinos on the propagation of primordial cosmological gravitational waves. The presence of anisotropic stress, like the one generated by free-streaming neutrinos,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-13 Riccardo Benini , Massimiliano Lattanzi , Giovanni Montani

The primordial neutrino asymmetry leaves profound imprints on the evolution history of the universe, which can be constrained by cosmological observations, including Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-05 Yuan-Zhen Li , Jiang-Hao Yu

In the present work, we have studied the spectrum of the primordial gravitational waves due to magnetic instability in the presence of neutrino asymmetry. The magnetic instability generates a helical magnetic field on a large scale. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-23 Arun Kumar Pandey , Pravin Kumar Natwariya , Jitesh R Bhatt

We consider some consequences of the presence of a cosmological lepton asymmetry in the form of neutrinos. Relic neutrino degeneracy enhances the contribution of massive neutrinos to the present energy density of the Universe, and modifies…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-25 Julien Lesgourgues , Sergio Pastor

It has been shown that a cosmological background with an anisotropic stress tensor, appropriate for a free streaming thermal neutrino background, can damp primordial gravitational waves after they enter the horizon, and can thus affect the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-30 James B. Dent , Lawrence M. Krauss , Subir Sabharwal , Tanmay Vachaspati

Thermal leptogenesis explains the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe in terms of neutrino masses, consistent with neutrino oscillation experiments. We present a full quantum mechanical calculation of the generated lepton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-11-04 A. Anisimov , W. Buchmuller , M. Drewes , S. Mendizabal

A large lepton asymmetry in the Universe is still a viable possibility and leads to many interesting phenomena such as gauge symmetry nonrestoration at high temperature. We show that a large lepton asymmetry changes the predicted cosmic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 William H. Kinney , Antonio Riotto

We consider active-sterile neutrino oscillations in the early universe in an inhomogeneous isocurvature background. We show that very small initial baryonic seed-inhomogeneities can trigger a growth of very large amplitude spatial…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Kari Enqvist , Kimmo Kainulainen , Antti Sorri

We examine the sterile neutrino dark matter production in the primordial plasma with lepton asymmetry unequally distributed over different neutrino flavors. We argue that with the specific flavor fractions, one can mitigate limits from the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-29 Dmitry Gorbunov , Dmitry Kalashnikov , George Krugan

In this article we discuss lepton asymmetry effect on BBN with neutrino oscillations. We argue that asymmetry much smaller than 0.01, although not big enough to influence directly the nucleosynthesis kinetics, can effect considerably BBN…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. V. Chizhov , D. P. Kirilova

Lepton asymmetry generated in the early universe by neutrino oscillations into sterile partners is calculated. Kinetic equations are analytically reduced to a simple form that permits an easy numerical treatment. Asymptotic values of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 A. D. Dolgov

Finite mean free paths of light particles, like photons and neutrinos, lead to dissipative effects and damping of small-scale density fluctuations in the early universe. We study the impact of damping on the spectral density of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-19 Guillem Domènech , Jens Chluba

We calculate Boltzmann neutrino energy transport with self-consistently coupled nuclear reactions through the weak-decoupling-nucleosynthesis epoch in an early universe with significant lepton numbers. We find that the presence of lepton…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 E. Grohs , George M. Fuller , C. T. Kishimoto , Mark W. Paris
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