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This short review is intended as a colloquium-level summary, for the Snowmass 2021 process, on recent theoretical results on infrared observables in quantum gravity. We rely on simple physical arguments, most notably a random walk…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-05 Kathryn M. Zurek

We consider a linearized, effective quantum theory of gravitation in which gravity weakens at energies higher than ~10^-3 eV in order to accommodate the apparent smallness of the cosmological constant. Such a theory predicts departures from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 R. R. Caldwell , Daniel Grin

Modified gravity theory is known to violate Birkhoff's theorem. We explore a key consequence of this violation, the effect of distant matter in the Universe on the motion of test particles. We find that when a particle is accelerated, a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-04-10 J. W. Moffat , V. T. Toth

We obtain modified dispersion relations by requiring the vanishing of determinant of inverse of modified photon propagators in Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) theory. Inspired by these dispersion relations, we give a more general…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-01-18 Zhi Xiao , Bo-Qiang Ma

We consider the growth of cosmological perturbations in modified gravity models where a scalar field mediates a non-universal Yukawa force between different matter species. The growth of the density contrast is altered for scales below the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Philippe Brax , Carsten van de Bruck , Anne-Christine Davis , Douglas Shaw

Treating general relativity as an effective field theory, we compute the leading-order quantum corrections to the orbits and gravitational-wave emission of astrophysical compact binaries. These corrections are independent of the (unknown)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-28 Alexander C. Jenkins , Andreas G. A. Pithis , Mairi Sakellariadou

We propose the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) with an additional term of quadratic momentum motivated by string theory and black hole physics as a quantum mechanical framework for the minimal length uncertainty at the Planck scale.…

General Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Abdel Magied Diab , Abdel Nasser Tawfik

In several classes of modified gravity theories, extra degrees of freedom are not completely screened in the interiors of stellar and substellar objects. In such theories, the hydrostatic equilibrium condition inside these objects is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-27 Shaswata Chowdhury

We explore the cosmological implications of a mechanism found in several approaches to quantum-gravity, whereby the spectral dimension of spacetime runs from the standard value of 4 in the infrared (IR) to a smaller value in the ultraviolet…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia , Michele Arzano , Giulia Gubitosi , Joao Magueijo

Any theory of quantum gravity must ultimately be connected to observations. This demand is difficult to be met due to the high energies at which we expect the quantum nature of gravity to become manifest. Here we study, how viable quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Astrid Eichhorn

We emphasize that a specific aspect of quantum gravity is the absence of a super-selection rule that prevents a linear superposition of different gravitational charges. As an immediate consequence, we obtain a tiny, but observable,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Z. Adunas , E. Rodriguez-Milla , D. V. Ahluwalia

This study explores the link between Modified Gravity and modifications of phase space volume. Analyzing Fermi gas modifications {in the non-relativistic limit of the} Ricci-based gravities, we derive a generalized partition function in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-10 Aneta Wojnar

Gravitational waves affect the observed direction of light from distant sources. At telescopes, this change in direction appears as periodic variations in the apparent positions of these sources on the sky; that is, as proper motion. A wave…

Modified gravity theories with an effective Newton constant that varies over cosmological timescales generally predict a different gravitational wave luminosity distance than General Relativity. While this holds for a uniform variation, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-18 Charles Dalang , Lucas Lombriser

In papers on primary state diffusion (Percival 1994, 1995), numerical estimates suggested that fluctuations in the space-time metric on the scale of the Planck time (10^-44s) could be detected using atom interferometers. In this paper we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Ian C. Percival , Walter T. Strunz

Recently the Fermi GBM and LAT Collaborations reported their new observational data disfavoring quite a number of the quantum gravity theories, including the one suggesting the nonlinear (logarithmic) modification of a quantum wave…

General Physics · Physics 2009-12-02 Konstantin G. Zloshchastiev

The aim of this paper is to show the gauge-invariance on the response of interferometers to gravitational waves (GWs). In this process, after a review of results on the Tranverse-Traceless (TT) gauge, where, in general, the theoretical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-25 Christian Corda

A hallmark of non-perturbative theories of quantum gravity is the absence of a fixed background geometry, and therefore the absence in a Planckian regime of any notion of length or scale that is defined a priori. This has potentially…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-02-06 J. Ambjorn , J. Gizbert-Studnicki , A. Goerlich , J. Jurkiewicz , R. Loll

We review (and extend) the analysis of general theories of all interactions (gravity included) where the mass scales are due to dimensional transmutation. Quantum consistency requires the presence of terms in the action with four…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-12 Alberto Salvio

It is known that any explicit averaging scheme of the type essential for describing the large scale behaviour of the Universe, must necessarily yield corrections to the Einstein equations applied in the Cosmological setting. The question of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Aseem Paranjape , T. P. Singh